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本文复习了翼状胬肉的组织学和流行病学的特征,显示在发病机理中,长期暴露于紫外线照射是起了重要的作用。但其它原因引起的慢性炎症导致发病仍有争论。在南非的2个流行病学调查,结果表明翼状胬肉与睑裂斑和气候性小滴状角膜病的慢性光化性疾病并无密切联系。与这些病不同的是,翼状胬肉有血管分布,这可能是由于慢性炎症所引起。作者将切除的胬肉进行组织学检查,发现主要由T细胞组成的淋巴细胞浸润。认为翼状胬肉的发病机理是慢性刺激(来自于任何原因)引起慢性炎症细胞浸润,并导致了炎症性水肿、修复、和细胞引起的血管形成。这些过程连同光化性损害是引起以纤维血管性反应为特征的生长性翼状胬肉的原因。
This review of histological and epidemiological features of pterygium shows that long-term exposure to UV radiation plays an important role in the pathogenesis. However, chronic inflammation caused by other causes leading to the disease is still controversial. Two epidemiological surveys in South Africa showed no link between pterygium and chronic photochemical disease of palpebral fissure spots and clot-like corneal disease. Unlike these diseases, pterygium has a vascular distribution, which may be due to chronic inflammation. The authors performed a histological examination of the excised pterygium and found infiltration of lymphocytes, predominantly composed of T cells. The pathogenesis of pterygium is thought to be that chronic stimulation (from any cause) causes chronic inflammatory cell infiltration and leads to inflammatory edema, repair, and cell-induced angiogenesis. These processes, along with actinic damage, are responsible for the growth of pterygium that is characterized by fibrotic responses.