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目的观察沙丁胺醇联合布地奈德雾化吸入治疗老年支气管哮喘急性发作的临床疗效及安全性。方法选取2014年7月—2016年12月合肥市第一人民医院收治的老年支气管哮喘急性发作患者90例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组45例。在常规治疗基础上,对照组患者给予沙丁胺醇雾化吸入,观察组患者在对照组基础上加用布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入;两组均持续治疗10 d。比较两组患者临床疗效、治疗前后肺功能指标、主要症状改善时间、不良反应发生情况。结果观察组患者临床疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_1)、呼气流速峰值(PEF)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者治疗后FVC、FEV1、PEF高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者胸闷气促、咳嗽、哮鸣音改善时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗期间均未出现严重不良反应。结论沙丁胺醇联合布地奈德雾化吸入治疗老年支气管哮喘急性发作的临床疗效确切,可有效改善患者肺功能,且安全性较高。
Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of salbutamol combined with budesonide inhalation in the treatment of acute exacerbation of elderly bronchial asthma. Methods 90 elderly patients with bronchial asthma who were admitted to First People’s Hospital of Hefei from July 2014 to December 2016 were randomly divided into control group and observation group with 45 cases in each group. On the basis of routine treatment, the patients in the control group were treated with inhalation of albuterol. The patients in the observation group were given inhalation of budesonide suspension on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 10 days. The clinical curative effect was compared between the two groups. The indexes of pulmonary function before and after treatment, the time of main symptom improvement and the occurrence of adverse reactions were compared. Results The clinical efficacy of the observation group was better than that of the control group (P <0.05). There were no significant differences in FVC, FEV 1 and PEF between the two groups before treatment (P> 0.05). After treatment, FVC, FEV1 , PEF higher than the control group (P <0.05). Patients in the observation group had shorter chest tightness, shorter cough and wheeze than those in the control group (P <0.05). Two groups of patients during the treatment did not appear serious adverse reactions. Conclusion Salbutamol inhalation combined with budesonide inhalation in the treatment of acute exacerbation of elderly bronchial asthma clinical curative effect is exact, can effectively improve lung function in patients with high safety.