在中国企业改革中,如何在提供普遍服务和企业赢利经营间找到一个平衡点,是各国都面临的问题。中国的国企改革在步履蹒跚中走到了一个新的阶段:这一阶段以出售转让国有股为标志。 上世纪中期开始的德国国企改革,也是通过股权多样化,实现了国企私有化。在这个引入有效竞争的改革过程中,其成功经验和失败教训都可作为一中借鉴 In the reform of Chinese enterprises, how to find a balance between the provision of universal services and profitable business operations is a problem that all countries face. China’s state-owned enterprise reforms have come to a new stage in the process of ramping up: This period is marked by the sale and transfer of state-owned shares. The German state-owned enterprise reform that began in the middle of the last century also achieved the privatization of state-owned enterprises through the diversification of ownership. In this reform process that introduces effective competition, its successful experience and failed lessons can be used as a reference.