对浓缩铀２３５Ｕ内照射人淋巴细胞白血病细胞株Ｍｏｌｔ４细胞和巨噬细胞株Ａｎａ１细胞诱发的细胞凋亡及细胞因子的防护作用进行了研究。实验中估算了２３５Ｕ在不同阶段培养细胞中的辐射累积吸收剂量。通过荧光显微镜形态观察，发现免疫细胞在受２３５Ｕ辐照后，可诱发明显的以核断裂和核固缩为特征的细胞凋亡。微观放射自显影研究显示，２３５Ｕ可迅速被免疫细胞吞噬，在细胞内以吞噬小泡的形式均匀地弥散于胞浆和胞核内。研究发现，ＩＬ２和ＩＬ６这两个细胞因子对由２３５Ｕ诱发的免疫细胞ＤＮＡ链断裂具有显著的防护作用。研究结果对于临床上寻找提高内照射放射治疗病例的免疫功能措施，具有一定的价值。 235U-enriched uranium irradiated human lymphoblastic leukemia cell line Molt 4 cells and macrophage Ana 1 cells induced apoptosis and cytokines protective effect were studied. In the experiment, we estimated the accumulated absorbed dose of 235U in cultured cells at different stages. By fluorescence microscopy morphological observation, we found that after irradiated by 235U, immune cells could induce obvious apoptosis characterized by nuclear rupture and nuclear pyknosis. Micro autoradiography studies have shown that 235U can be quickly swallowed by immune cells in the cell phagocytic vesicles in the form of uniform dispersion in the cytoplasm and nucleus. The study found that IL 2 and IL 6 these two cytokines on 235U-induced immune cell DNA strand breaks have a significant protective effect. The results of the study for the clinical search to improve the immune function of cases of radiation therapy cases, has a certain value.