《中国近代现代史》(试验修订本·必修)第86页记叙“武昌起义以后,各省纷纷响应。到11月下旬,全国有十几个省区宣布脱离清政府而独立,清朝的统治土崩瓦解。”同页《辛亥革命形势示意图》表明:山东是宣布独立的省,但同时又是南北和谈时清政府控制地区。这究竟应该如何理解呢?首先,要搞清楚“山东究竟宣 “Modern History of Modern China” (Executive Revision of the Compulsory Revision) on page 86 reads, “After the Wuchang Uprising, the provinces responded. By late November, more than a dozen provinces and autonomous regions throughout the country announced their independence from the Qing government, and the rule of the Qing Dynasty collapsed. ”The same page of the “Schematic diagram of the 1911 Revolution” shows that Shandong is an independent province, but at the same time it is the area under the control of the Qing government during the North-South peace talks. How should this be understood? First of all, we must make it clear