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安徽省泾县新丰坝位于青弋江最大的支流徽水河下游,通过对碑刻资料和田野调查资料的发掘解读,能够呈现新丰坝的历史沿革和丁氏、黄氏、郑氏家族等延续数百年的水利纠纷。纠纷背后是该水利社区内不同家族间围绕与新丰坝水利相关的公共事务表达利益和意志的博弈性活动,可称之为“水政治”。在水政治视野的关照下,在同一水利社区内,水利纠纷从绝对意义上说是无解的,只要水政治在运作,水利各权力主体在博弈过程中积累的矛盾,就会借种种机缘释放出来,并且有可能与社区内其他矛盾结合,上升到狭隘的价值观念、意识形态层面,打成一种历史性的死结;但是从相对意义上,水利纠纷又是可以逐一破解的,引入新政治经济学中的“准公共物品”理论,对官方应承担的责任和发挥的作用进行重点分析,认为官方要注意干预用水问题上产生的意识形态上的偏执和纠葛。
Xinfengba, Jingxian County, Anhui Province, is located in the lower reaches of the Huishui River, the largest tributary of the Qingyi River. Through the excavation of the inscriptions and field investigation data, the history of Xinfengba and the continuation of the Ding, Huang and Zheng families Hundreds of years of water disputes. Behind the dispute is the gambling activity of different families within the water conservancy community that shows their interests and will around the public affairs related to Xinfengba’s water conservancy. It can be called “water politics”. Under the political view of water, in the same water conservancy community, water disputes are absolutely no solution in the absolute sense. So long as water politics is in operation, the contradictions accumulated among the various water conservancy entities during the course of the game will be released by various opportunities It may be combined with other contradictions in the community and rise to narrow values and ideological levels to make it a historical knot. However, in a relative sense, water disputes can be solved one after another, and a new politics can be introduced In economics, the “quasi-public goods” theory focuses on the official responsibility and the role it plays, arguing that officials should pay attention to the ideological paranoia and disputes arising from the intervention in water use.