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本文呈现在南方和东欧七个国家历时七年多的一项邻里运动研究。这项研究属于联合国科教文组织的社会转型管理(MOST)项目,由七国研究人员共同完成。妇女深受环境恶化的影响,面临危急情况和公共服务的缺失,因而积极参加草根运动,亲身参与政策的组织、抵制和创造。然而,妇女在这些组织中的活动很少得到认可。性别视角是理解男女失衡如何塑造了居民的感知和社会生活具体组织的关键,特别是他们对环境和城市空间的表述和利用。要理解就必须做观察,观察不同语境下女性特质和男性特质是如何建构,制度和组织是如何工作,男女之间的权力关系是如何变化,以及在这些过程和机构之中,个人作为主体又是如何发挥能动性。本文说明在不同研究小组所研究的邻里运动中,女性特质和男性特质在形成中的失衡如何转化为权利的不平等,并分析了对这种失衡的意识如何在邻里运动中开辟了创造新——尽管不持久——社会关系的道路,以及这些国家如何形成了关于政治的另一种思路。
This article presents a study of neighborhood movement that lasted more than seven years in seven countries of the South and Eastern Europe. The study belongs to UNESCO’s Social Transformation Management (MOST) project and is jointly completed by researchers from all seven countries. Affected by the deteriorating environment, women are experiencing crisis situations and lack of public services. Therefore, they actively participate in grassroots movements and participate in the organization, resistance and creation of policies in person. However, women’s activities in these organizations are rarely recognized. The gender perspective is the key to understanding how imbalances between women and men shape the perceptions and specific organization of the community, in particular their expression and use of the environment and urban space. To understand it, we must observe and observe how femininity and masculinity are constructed in different contexts, how institutions and organizations work, and how the power relations between men and women change. And among these processes and institutions, individuals are the main body How to play initiative again? This article shows how inequality in the formation of female and masculine traits in the formation of neighborhood movements studied by different research groups and how the awareness of this imbalance has opened up new, - though not lasting - the road to social relations and how these countries shaped another way of thinking about politics.