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常规的肾功能试验如尿分析、血尿素氮、酚红排泄率等不能识别单侧性肾脏疾患,因健肾很快起代偿作用。估价分侧肾功能常要进行静脉肾盂造影,膀胱镜,输尿管插管或肾动脉造影。静脉肾盂造影准确性不高,后三者可较完善地显示分肾功能,但潜藏着手术的危险性。因而自1956年Taplin和Winter氏首创肾图以来,由于能分别显示两侧肾功能情况,同时操作较简易、安全,已广泛应用于泌尿科临床,并证明是估价肾脏的可靠的筛选试验。
Routine renal function tests such as urinalysis, blood urea nitrogen, phenol red excretion rate can not identify unilateral renal disease, kidney Kidney quickly compensatory effect. Evaluation of sub-renal function often need intravenous pyelography, cystoscopy, ureteral intubation or renal artery angiography. Intravenous pyelography accuracy is not high, the latter three can be more perfect display of renal function, but the hidden dangers of surgery. Thus, since the first kidney map of Taplin and Winter in 1956, it has been widely used in urology clinics because it can show renal function on both sides separately and safely, and has proved to be a reliable screening test for evaluating the kidney.