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目的总结1985～2009年甘肃平凉市改水降氟防治地氟病监测结果,评价改水措施预防儿童氟斑牙效果,总结改水经验。方法每年2次监测改水点水氟动态,8～12岁儿童尿氟含量和氟斑牙检出率。结果改水后水氟稳定在0.8～1.2 mg/L;儿童尿氟均值由11.54 mg/L逐年下降为1.7 mg/L;儿童氟斑牙检出率由100%降为23.3%,至2003年达到控制病区标准。第二轮改水监测从2004～2009年,改后水氟浓度稳定在0.07 mg/L以下;儿童尿氟含量稳定在0.98 mg/L以下,氟斑牙检出率由60.08%呈逐年下降趋势。结论改水降氟可有效控制人体氟摄入危害,预防儿童氟斑牙取得了显著的预防效果和社会效益。对改水工程质量和管理作简要对比分析,饮水型地氟病区改饮低氟水是唯一有效措施,而改水水源稳定低氟,改水工程质量和改后工程的规范化、技术化、科学化管理是确保改水措施长期运转,有效发挥社会效益的关键。联乡联村集中式改水既节约经费,又便于管理,值得推广。
Objective To summarize the monitoring results of fluorosis prevention and cure in Pingliang City, Gansu from 1985 to 2009, and to evaluate the effect of water diversion measures on prevention of dental fluorosis in children. Methods The dynamic changes of fluoride level in water points and the detection rate of urinary fluoride and dental fluorosis in children aged 8 ~ 12 years were monitored twice a year. Results After the water was changed, the fluoride content of water was stable at 0.8-1.2 mg / L. The urinary fluoride mean of children dropped from 11.54 mg / L to 1.7 mg / L year by year. The detection rate of dental fluorosis in children dropped from 100% to 23.3% To control the ward standard. The second round of water diversion monitoring from 2004 to 2009, the water fluoride concentration after the reform stable at 0.07 mg / L or less; Children’s fluoride content remained stable below 0.98 mg / L, the detection rate of dental fluorosis decreased year by year from 60.08% . Conclusions The water-reducing and fluoride-lowering treatment can effectively control the harm of fluoride intake in human body and prevent the prevention of dental fluorosis in children with remarkable prevention and social benefits. A brief comparison and analysis of the quality and management of water diversion project is made. It is the only effective measure to change low-fluorine water to drinking water in areas with fluoride-contaminated area, and the quality of the water diversion project is stable and low-fluorine. The quality of the water diversion project and the standardization, Scientific management is the key to ensuring the long-term operation of the water diversion measures and effectively bringing into play social benefits. Coupling Township Village centralized water saving both save money, but also easy to manage, it is worth promoting.