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墓葬中随葬猪骨是黄河流域比较流行的一种丧葬习俗,考古发现表明,汉水中下游地区同样流行这种习俗。文章通过对汉水中下游随葬猪骨材料的分析,围绕猪骨随葬的流行区域、发展演变、猪骨随葬部位、随葬意义以及与黄河流域同类葬俗的关系等问题进行了分析,认为汉水中游鄂西北地区在5300～4600BP这一阶段猪骨随葬习俗达到了鼎盛时期,流行在墓葬中用猪下颌骨随葬,偶见用猪头和整只猪随葬,随葬的目的是为死者提供“肉食”。通过与黄河流域同类葬俗比较和分析,汉水中下游新石器时代墓葬中随葬猪骨的习俗应是受中原地区裴李岗文化的影响而产生,并伴随着仰韶文化的南进传播到了鄂西北和汉水下游。
The burial pig bone in the tombs is a kind of funeral custom more popular in the Yellow River basin. Archaeological discoveries show that this kind of custom is equally popular in the middle and lower reaches of the Han River. Based on the analysis of the material of burial pigs in the middle and lower reaches of Hanjiang River, the paper analyzes the prevalence of the burial area of pig bone, the development and evolution, the burial site of pig bone, the meaning of burial and its relationship with the burial customs in the Yellow River Basin, Northwest Hubei Province in 5300 ~ 4600BP this period of pig bone burial customs reached its heyday, popular in the tombs buried with pig mandible, and occasionally with a pig and the whole pig is buried, the purpose of the funeral is to provide the deceased ". Through the comparison and analysis with similar funeral customs in the Yellow River Basin, the custom of burying the pig bone in the Neolithic tombs in the middle and lower reaches of the Han River should be influenced by the Peiligang culture in the Central Plains and spread to the northwestern and northern Han with the Yangshao culture Underwater.