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目的研究女性巨大儿成年后与妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)发病率的关系,以期为GDM的病因学研究提供线索,并对产前孕妇营养指导提供依据。方法随机收集2013年10月13日-2015年1月12日在该院分娩的产妇3 377例,其中年龄<35岁的单胎足月产妇,且出生体重≥4 000 g的共有200例,作为研究组,同时随机抽取200例出生体重在正常范围内的产妇作为对照组,分析2组相应人群GDM发生率有无差异。结果研究组孕妇的GDM发生率(29.00%)及分娩巨大儿发生率(16.50%)明显高于对照组孕妇(14.00%,9.00%),两组分别比较,差异均具有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为13.331、5.056,P<0.05)。结论通过合理饮食、适当锻炼,将孕前体重及孕期体重增长幅度控制到正常范围,尽量降低巨大儿的发生率,对提高产科质量意义重大。
Objective To study the relationship between the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and adult giant males in order to provide clues for the etiological study of GDM and to provide evidence for prenatal maternal nutritional guidance. Methods A total of 3 377 pregnant women delivered at this hospital from October 13, 2013 to January 12, 2015 were collected. Among them, there were 200 singleton full-term pregnant women with birth weight ≥ 4000 g at age 35 years old, As a research group, at the same time, randomly selected 200 cases of birth weight within the normal range of maternal as a control group, analysis of two groups of corresponding population GDM incidence of any difference. Results The incidence of GDM in pregnant women (29.00%) and the incidence of giant childbirth (16.50%) in study group were significantly higher than those in pregnant women (14.00%, 9.00%). There was significant difference between the two groups (χ ~ 2 values were 13.331,5.056, P <0.05). Conclusions Through reasonable diet and proper exercise, we can control the weight before pregnancy and the weight gain during pregnancy to the normal range, and minimize the incidence of macrosomia, which is of great significance to improve the quality of obstetrics.