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目的:建立大鼠放射性口腔黏膜炎模型,观察并分析黏膜组织炎症变化过程。方法:选择SD大鼠45只,随机分为9组:空白对照组;实验组8组均用~(60)Coγ射线以35 Gy剂量单次照射口鼻部。观察大鼠口腔黏膜状况,对炎症期间拒食的大鼠进行灌注流食喂养。分别于放射后1、3、5、7、10、14、21及28 d处死1组实验组大鼠,对照组于28 d处死,取口腔黏膜组织进行HE染色和光镜下观察。结果:放射后5~6 d,大鼠口腔黏膜出现红肿伴有小面积溃疡;7~8 d小溃疡逐渐融合成大面积溃疡,并持续到9~13 d;14 d开始,溃疡逐渐缩小并愈合;21~28 d溃疡完全愈合。HE染色显示放射后第5 d,黏膜下层出现大量炎性细胞浸润,但上皮层连续完整;第7、10 d,上皮层崩解、脱落;第14 d溃疡底部可见新生肉芽组织及新生毛细血管;第21、28 d,溃疡处有新的上皮组织出现,基底层排列紧密。结论:经~(60)Coγ射线照射成功建立放射性口腔黏膜炎大鼠模型,炎症从5~8 d开始,第9~13 d达到高峰,14 d左右开始缓解恢复,21~28 d恢复正常。
OBJECTIVE: To establish a rat model of radioactive oral mucositis and observe the changes of mucosal inflammation. Methods: Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 9 groups: blank control group and experimental group (8 rats). Oral mucosa was observed in rats, anti-inflammatory rats during feeding period feeding perfusion. Rats of 1 experimental group were sacrificed at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28 d after radiotherapy, respectively. The control group was sacrificed at 28 days, and the oral mucosa was taken for HE staining and light microscopy. Results: The rats’ oral mucosa appeared red and swollen with small area ulcers 5 ~ 6 days after radiotherapy. Small ulcers gradually fused into large area ulcers 7 ~ 8 d and continued to 9 ~ 13 d. At 14 d, ulcers gradually reduced Healing; 21 ~ 28 d ulcer completely healed. HE staining showed that a large amount of inflammatory cells infiltrated the submucosa on the 5th day after radiation, but the epithelial layer continued to be intact. On the 7th and 10th day, the epithelial layer disintegrated and fell off. On the 14th day, new granulation tissue and nascent capillaries On the 21st and 28th days, new epithelial tissue appeared in the ulcer and the basal layer was arranged closely. CONCLUSION: Radiation-induced oral mucositis in rat model is successfully established by ~ (60) Coγ-ray irradiation. Inflammation begins at 5-8 days and reaches the peak at 9-13 days. It begins to relieve and recover after 14 days and resume normal at 21-28 days.