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伊犁是我国西北边陲重镇。19世纪中叶,沙皇俄国为打通进入中国腹地的通道,于1871年7月,乘中亚浩罕汗国阿古柏入侵新疆、清政府忙于镇压陕甘回民起义之机,悍然出兵侵占了伊犁。清政府为收复伊犁地区,曾多次派出使臣与沙俄交涉,但均无结果。 1878年10月,清政府派吏部右侍郎崇厚为全权大臣,到圣彼得堡直接同俄国当局进行谈判。昏瞆无能的崇厚,被俄方的盛情款待和花言巧语所欺骗,竟于1879年10月擅自与沙俄签订了一个不平等的《里瓦几亚条约》,不仅使沙俄获得了五百万卢布的赔款,而且得到了伊犁的霍尔果斯河以西和特克斯河河谷一带地区的大片中国领土,还取得重新调整喀什噶尔和塔尔巴哈台两地边界,以及通商、免税等一系列特权。这个不平等条约签
Ili is the northwest border town of China. In the middle of the 19th century, in order to get through the hinterland of entering China, Tsarist Russia invaded Xinjiang by the Acropolis of the Central Asian nation of the Koran in the first month of July 1871. The Qing government was busy with the machine to suppress the revolt of the Muslim in Shaanxi and invaded Yili by brazenly sending troops. In order to regain the Ili area, the Qing government dispatched its ambassador to Russia for many times to negotiate with Czarist Russia, but both failed to achieve any result. In October 1878, the Qing government sent the assistant minister Lang Chonghou as the plenipotentiary minister and went directly to St. Petersburg for negotiations with the Russian authorities. The unconscionable Chonghou, deceived by the Russian hospitality and rhetoric, actually signed an unequal Treaty of Livadia with Russia in October 1879, not only to get Russia five million rubles As well as the vast territory of China in the areas to the west of the Horgos River and the Turks River Valley in Ili and to the readjustment of the border between Kashgar and Talbahatai as well as trade and tax exemptions Series privileges. This unequal treaty sign