随着核能的发展和电离辐射（下面简称辐射）源的广泛应用，在放射防护的实践中，经常遇到低剂量辐射对人群健康影响评价的问题。此问题正越来越引起各国政府及公众的关注，而在科学界对此问题则存在着长期的争论。争论的焦点是，根据对原爆幸存者等受中等及以上剂量照射人... With the development of nuclear energy and the widespread application of ionizing radiation (hereinafter referred to as radiation) sources, the problem of the health effects of low-dose radiation on the population is frequently encountered in the practice of radiation protection. This issue is increasingly drawing the attention of governments and the public in various countries. However, there is a long-standing debate on this issue in the scientific community. The debate is focused on exposing people to radiation doses of medium and above, such as blast survivors.