论文部分内容阅读
目的研究飞行噪声对飞行人员听力的影响，探讨听力损失的鉴定标准。方法某两个机场空军１５４名飞行人员，包括高性能歼击机飞行员２７名，运输机１２７名。采用ＭＳＡ８４－１型听力计（经中国计量科学院标定）进行听力级２０ｄＢ自动筛选，顺序是１ｋＨｚ、２ｋＨｚ、３ｋＨｚ、４ｋＨｚ、６ｋＨｚ、８ｋＨｚ、０．５ｋＨｚ和０．２５ｋＨｚ，若某些频率未听到声音，则用上升法手动筛选，找出该频率的听阈值，并记录检查结果。结果１５４名飞行人员听力计检查，高频区（４＋６＋８）ｋＨｚ范围在２５～３５ｄＢ为７６人，４０～５５ｄＢ为５３人，６０～９０ｄＢ为１３人；本调查高频区听力损失２２０～３２０ｄＢ为１２人，飞行年限最短的７年，飞行时间９５０ｈ；最长的飞行年限在１５～３３年，飞行时间１５００～４３００ｈ。其中２例听力测试频率在５００ｋＨｚ、１０００ｋＨｚ、２０００ｋＨｚ、３０００ｋＨｚ上平均听力损失超过３６～５２ｄＢ。结论从检查看，高频区听力损失较重。国内不同飞机机型座舱噪声限制和头盔的平均隔声值有一定的规定，但是飞行部队的实际情况是飞机座舱内的噪声较大，而飞机头盔的隔声值与耳机中飞行用语的声压值太高。在选拔招飞体检阶段高频区听力标准掌握比较?
Objective To study the influence of flight noise on the hearing of pilots and to probe into the identification standard of hearing loss. Methods A total of 154 Air Force pilots at two airports, including 27 high-performance fighter pilots and 127 transport aircraft. Using MSA84-1-type audiometer (calibrated by the Chinese Academy of Metrology) for automatic hearing level 20dB screening, the order is 1kHz, 2kHz, 3kHz, 4kHz, 6kHz, 8kHz, 0.5kHz and 0.25kHz, if some of the frequencies are not heard The sound is then manually screened using the ascent method to find the listening threshold for that frequency and record the test results. Results The audiometer examination of 154 pilots showed that the frequency range of (4 + 6 + 8) kHz in high frequency range was 76 at 25-35dB, 53 at 40-55dB and 13 at 60-90dB. The hearing loss in high frequency range was 220-320dB 12 people, the shortest flight duration of 7 years, the flight time 950h; the longest duration of flight in 15 to 33 years, flight time 1500 ~ 4300h. Two cases of hearing test frequency of 500kHz, 1000kHz, 2000kHz, 3000kHz average hearing loss over 36 ~ 52dB. Conclusion From the examination, hearing loss in high-frequency area heavier. The cockpit noise limits of different domestic aircraft models and the average sound insulation value of the helmet have certain provisions, but the actual situation of the flying force is that the noise in the cockpit of the aircraft is large while the sound insulation value of the aircraft helmet and the sound pressure of flying terms in the earphone Value is too high. In the selection of high-frequency hearing stage examination phase control comparison?