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目的在基层卫生人力资源不足的情况下,基层医疗医生何时退休的问题越来越受到相关领域的关注。本研究旨在了解基层医疗医生的退休年龄,并与其他专业医生进行比较。方法对2010—2014年美国医学协会(The American Medical Association)数据库的相关数据进行描述性分析。将2008年数据库中的数据与国家计划(National Plan)和提供枚举系统(Provider Enumeration System)中的数据进行比较,计算出单独使用数据库数据时的偏差。以离开临床实践为退休,构建基层医生的退休年龄曲线,并分析不同性别和城乡间医生的退休年龄差异。结果 2014年共有55~80岁从事临床实践的基层医疗医生77 987例。2010—2014年从事临床实践基层医疗医生的中位退休年龄为64.9(61.4,68.3)岁,所有基层医疗医生的中位退休年龄为66.1(62.6,69.5)岁,各专业医生的退休年龄大致相同。女性基层医疗医生的退休年龄较男性提前1年;而城乡间基层医疗医生的退休年龄无差异。结论基层医疗医生多选择在60多岁退休,不同性别和城乡间基层医疗医生的退休年龄差异较小,表明基层医疗队伍构成不会对未来的基层医疗医生退休率产生明显影响。
Objective The problem of when the primary medical doctors retire when there is not enough human resources at the grassroots level is getting more and more attention in the relevant fields. The purpose of this study is to understand the retirement age of primary care physicians and to compare them with other professionals. Methods Descriptive analysis of data from 2010 to 2014 in the American Medical Association database was conducted. The data in the 2008 database are compared with the data in the National Plan and the Provider Enumeration System to calculate deviations when using database data separately. To leave the clinical practice for retirement, the grass-roots doctors to build retirement age curve, and analysis of different gender and urban-rural doctors of the retirement age differences. Results A total of 77 987 primary care physicians, 55 to 80 years old, engaged in clinical practice in 2014 were included. The median retirement age of primary care physicians engaged in clinical practice between 2010 and 2014 was 64.9 (61.4,68.3) years, the median retirement age of all primary care physicians was 66.1 (62.6,69.5) years, and the retirement age of all professional doctors was about the same . The retirement age of female primary physicians is 1 year earlier than that of men. There is no difference in the retirement age of primary medical doctors between urban and rural areas. Conclusions Primary medical doctors are more likely to retire in their 60s. The differences in the retirement age of primary medical doctors between different sexes and urban and rural areas are small, indicating that the composition of primary medical teams will not significantly affect the retirement rate of primary medical doctors in the future.