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目的 调查我国 30个省、市及自治区的无眼或小眼畸形的现状。方法 采用以医院为基础的监测方案 ,对我国 1988～ 1992年 30个省、市及自治区 44 3～ 5 88所医院的孕满 2 8周至生后 7天的围产儿进行了监测。结果 5年共监测 3 2 46 40 8例围产儿 ,其中无眼或小眼畸形者 382例 ,发病率呈逐年下降趋势 ,平均 5年发病率为 1 18/万 ( χ2 =7 381,P <0 0 1)。其发病率农村高于城镇 (P<0 0 5 ) ,女性高于男性 (P <0 0 5 )。甘肃省发病率为 2 6 5 /万 ,天津市为 0 2 1/万。单发畸形 47例 ;多发畸形 335例 ( 87 7% ) ,其中伴颌面部畸形者 2 33例 ( 6 9 6 % )、肌肉骨骼系统畸形者 187例 ( 5 5 8% )和中枢神经系统畸形者 142例 ( 42 4% ) ,综合征者 2 7例 ( 8 1% ) ,以 2 1 三体综合征居多 ,为 16例。结论我国各省市发病率存在明显差异 ,对于无眼或小眼畸形者 ,尤其是合并多发畸形者 ,染色体的检查率有待提高
Objective To investigate the status of eyeless or small ocular deformity in 30 provinces, cities and autonomous regions of our country. Methods A hospital-based monitoring program was used to monitor perinatal infants from 28 to 28 days after birth from 443 to 588 hospitals in 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China from 1988 to 1992. Results A total of 3846 cases of perinatal children were enrolled in the survey, including 382 cases without or with malformations. The incidence rate showed a declining trend year by year with an average 5-year incidence of 1 18 / million (χ2 = 7 381, P < 0 0 1). The incidence was higher in rural areas than in urban areas (P <0.05), and higher in women than in men (P <0.05). The incidence of Gansu Province was 26.5 / million and that of Tianjin was 021 / 10,000. There were 47 cases with single malformations, 335 cases with multiple malformations (87.7%), including 233 cases (69.6%) with maxillofacial deformities, 187 cases (58.5%) with musculoskeletal deformities and central nervous system There were 142 cases (42.4%) of deformities and 27 cases (81%) of syndromes, which were mostly trisomy 21, 16 cases. Conclusion There are significant differences in the incidence of various provinces and cities in China, for those who have no eyes or small ocular deformities, especially with multiple deformities, chromosome check rate needs to be improved