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过去,采用膜分离技术制备富氧空气有两种方法。一种是用聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯或者聚乙烯对苯二甲酸酯等聚合体制成中空纤维的方法。一种是利用有机聚硅氧烷—聚碳酸酯等制成极薄膜的方法。中空纤维具有单位体积的膜面积大、透过量也大的优点。但是,为了获得实用上的透过量,需要扩大装置,这反而不方便了。极薄膜法却可使透过量增大,它是利用透过量与膜厚成反比的关系实现的。膜越薄越能实现分离装置的小型紧凑。当气体透过单一膜时,其流量可根据下式来考虑。
In the past, there are two ways to prepare oxygen-enriched air using membrane separation techniques. One is the use of polyethylene, polystyrene or polyethylene terephthalate and other polymers made hollow fiber method. One is the use of organopolysiloxanes - polycarbonate and the like to make very thin films. Hollow fibers have the advantage of having a large membrane area per unit volume and a large amount of permeation. However, in order to obtain a practical throughput, the need to expand the device, which is not convenient. Very thin film method but can increase the amount of transmission, it is the use of transmission and film thickness is inversely proportional to achieve. The thinner the membrane, the smaller the compactness of the separation device can be achieved. When the gas through a single film, the flow rate can be considered according to the following formula.