谷物的结构与营养功能谷物的基本结构由四部分组成,包括含有纤维素的谷皮,含较丰富营养素的糊粉层,含大量淀粉的胚乳,富含蛋白质、脂肪、矿物质、B族维生素和维生素E的谷胚。谷物是幼儿膳食“金字塔”中最基础的部分,其最突出的营养特点是含有丰富的B族维生素。谷物中的蛋白质种类较多,如谷蛋白、白蛋白、醇溶蛋白和球蛋白等。由于谷物蛋白中的赖氨酸含量相对较低,生物学价值不及动物性蛋白,所以在为幼儿制订食谱时,应注意植物蛋白与动物蛋白的搭配,以满足 Structure and Nutritional Functions of Cereals The basic structure of cereals is composed of four parts, including cereal skins containing cellulose, aleurone layer rich in nutrients, endosperm containing large amounts of starch, protein rich in fats, minerals, B vitamins And vitamin E cereal embryo. Cereal is the most basic part of the diet of children and its most prominent nutrition is rich in B vitamins. There are more types of protein in cereals such as gluten, albumin, gliadin and globulin. As the lysine content of cereal protein is relatively low, the biological value of less than animal protein, so formulating for young children should pay attention to plant protein and animal protein to meet