毫无疑问,矿业部门(包括金属、石油、天然气和煤)是世界发达和发展中经济发展的重要决定因素。六十年代和七十年代初新兴工业化国家、日本的世界发展中国家迅速扩大矿业的开发,以及随后七十年代中期石油的冲击清楚地表明,所有国家都深受不断变化的矿业资源问题的影响。近期金属价格自1981至1986年的下跌并于1988和1989年又迅猛上升带来的冲击显示了矿业部门的周期性及其对全面发展(尤其是象东盟国家这样的 There is no doubt that the mining sector (including metals, oil, natural gas and coal) is an important determinant of the developed and developing economies of the world. The rapidly expanding mining industry in the newly industrialized countries of the 1960s and early 1970s and Japan’s world developing countries and the subsequent oil shock in the mid-1970s clearly demonstrated that all countries are strongly affected by the changing mining resource issues . The recent shocks of metal prices falling from 1981 to 1986 and rising sharply in 1988 and 1989 show the cyclicality of the mining sector and its impact on overall development (especially in ASEAN countries