1988年7月～1993年6月本院产科新生儿窒息发生率3．47％，病死率8．34％，新生儿病房收治新生儿窒息192例，占同期住院新生儿总数9．98％。轻度窒息111例（57．81％），重度窒息81例（42．19％）。死亡16例，病死率8．33％，与1973～1984年的15．3％相比有所下降（P＜0．05）.原因与产儿合作加强，复苏质量提高，并发症处理及时有关。文中介绍了复苏时气管插管的指征。 From July 1988 to June 1993, the incidence of obstructive neonatal asphyxia in our hospital was 3.47% and the case fatality rate was 8.34%. There were 192 cases of neonatal asphyxia in neonatal ward, accounting for 9.98% of the total number of newborns hospitalized in the same period. Mild asphyxia in 111 cases (57.81%), severe asphyxia in 81 cases (42.19%). 16 cases died and the case fatality rate was 8.33%, which was lower than that of 15.3% from 1973 to 1984 (P <0.05) .There was a close relationship between the cause and the children’s cooperation, the improvement of the quality of recovery and the timely treatment of complications. The article describes the indications for tracheal intubation during resuscitation.