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为了探索形成规范的自然保护区保护成效评估逻辑框架,基于“压力—状态—响应”(PSR)模型的研究方法,以云南苍山自然保护区为例进行了保护成效评估研究。结果表明:自苍山自然保护区晋升国家级以来,仍存在一些影响保护成效的因素,主要表现为部分集体林地资源权属不清、部分开发建设项目对保护区带来了一定的压力、保护区的本底调查、科研、监测工作比较欠缺等。这些因素在一定程度上限制了苍山自然保护区保护成效水平,具体表现在:近20年来,苍山自然保护区保护区森林面积减少了18.59%、森林破碎度指数增加了42.94%、代表性生态系统针叶林面积减少了28.63%、物种丰富度降低了3.02%。此外,保护区在机构设置、基础设施、运行经费、日常管护和总体规划制定与实施方面均开展了大量工作,通过模型关系链分析表明,针对响应指标进行保护区工作的调整,能够在一定程度上减缓保护成效的压力。
In order to explore the formation of a normative framework for evaluating the protection effectiveness of nature reserves, a study was conducted based on the research method of “Pressure-State-Response” (PSR) model and the Cangshan Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province as an example. The results show that there are still some factors that affect the protection effectiveness since Cangshan Nature Reserve was promoted to the national level, mainly because some collective forest land resources have unclear ownership and some development and construction projects have exerted some pressure on the reserve. Protected areas The background of the investigation, research, monitoring work is relatively lacking. To some extent, these factors have limited the protection effectiveness of Cangshan Nature Reserve. Specifically, in the past 20 years, the area of forest in Cangshan Nature Reserve has been reduced by 18.59% and the forest fragmentation index has increased by 42.94%. The representative ecosystems Coniferous forest area decreased by 28.63%, species richness decreased by 3.02%. In addition, the protected area has carried out a great deal of work on the establishment of institutions, infrastructure, operation funds, daily management and maintenance, and the formulation and implementation of master plans. The analysis of the model chain shows that the adjustment of the work on protected areas in response to indicators can be carried out in certain The pressure to slow down the effectiveness of the protection.