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黄病毒是一大科人类致病性的单股正链RNA病毒。黄病毒包括登革病毒、西尼罗脑炎病毒及日本脑炎病毒等成员,主要径通过节肢动物的叮咬进行传播,即为虫媒黄病毒。研究发现,在虫媒黄病毒复制过程中,除病毒基因组正链RNA、互补的负链RNA及两者的杂合RNA分子外,在病毒感染细胞后还能产生一种病毒亚基因组RNA(subgenomic RNA,sgRNA)。近年对这种sgRNA展开了比较多的研究,结果表明,其产生机制与已知的其他病毒sgRNA产生机制并不相同。该sgRNA的产生与虫媒黄病毒基因组3’非编码区所形成的保守二级结构有关,同时宿主核酸酶对其的不完全降解亦有重要作用。虫媒黄病毒基因组3’非编码区中带有多个与病毒复制相关的RNA元件,而sgRNA的发现有助于全面地认识病毒RNA与宿主RNA代谢途径间的相互作用,为最终阐明病毒的致病机制奠定基础。
Flavivirus is a large family of human pathogenic single-stranded positive-strand RNA virus. Flaviviridae, including members of the dengue virus, West Nile encephalitis virus and Japanese encephalitis virus, are mainly transmitted by the bites of arthropods, namely the insect-borne flavivirus. The study found that in the process of replication of the zoonosis virus, in addition to the viral genomic positive strand RNA, the complementary negative strand RNA and the two hybrid RNA molecules, the virus can produce a subgenomic RNA (subgenomic RNA, sgRNA). In recent years, this sgRNA has been more studied, the results show that its mechanism of production and known other sgRNA virus production mechanism is not the same. The sgRNA production is related to the conserved secondary structure formed by the 3 ’non-coding region of the zoonotic virus genome, and the host nuclease also plays an important role in its incomplete degradation. The 3 ’non-coding region of the zoonotic virus genome contains multiple RNA elements that are involved in viral replication. The discovery of sgRNA can help to fully understand the interaction between the viral RNA and host RNA metabolic pathways. Pathogenesis laid the foundation.