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根据覆盖全区的3期遥感影像和实地调查,以及对滨海新区和滦河口2个典型区更深入的案例研究(包括回溯至1870年、1950年的基准岸线及逐年遥感信息),对津冀沿海海岸线现状进行解译和分类,并分析岸线变化特征及成因。津冀沿海现状岸线总长度894km,可以划分为自然岸线、半开发岸线和人工岸线3类,长度分别为90km、329km和475km。1950年以前为自然因素主导的岸线变化,1950年以后变为人类活动主导的岸线向海推进,逐渐加强的人类活动至2010年达到顶峰。在全球海面上升和区域地面下沉的大背景下,海岸线的自然演化趋势应该是向陆蚀退,但是人类活动主导的岸线变化却表现为违反自然趋势的向海推进。今后,向海推进最前沿的围海造陆区将受到来自海洋越来越强烈的影响,亟需加强监测和防护。兼顾环境保护与开发两方面的长远需求,建议赋予海岸线新的定义与内涵,划定岸线保护红线,恢复部分岸线的自然属性。
Based on the three remote sensing images and field surveys covering the whole region, as well as more in-depth case studies on two typical areas of Binhai New Area and Luanhe River estuary (including baseline coastline dating back to 1870 and 1950 and year-by-year remote sensing information) Ji coastal coastline interpretation and classification of the status quo, and analysis of shoreline changes in characteristics and causes. The coastline of Jin-Ji coastal area has a total length of 894km, which can be divided into three categories: natural shoreline, semi-developed shoreline and artificial shoreline, with length of 90km, 329km and 475km respectively. Coastal changes dominated by natural factors before 1950, and shorelines led by human activities after 1950 are moving towards the sea. The gradual strengthening of human activities will reach its peak by 2010. Under the background of global sea level rise and regional ground subsidence, the natural evolutionary trend of the coastline should be retreated to the land, but the human-driven changes in the coastline have been manifested as a seaward advance in violation of the natural trend. In the future, pushing for the forefront of land reclamation along the sea will be increasingly affected by the oceans and seas and there is an urgent need to strengthen monitoring and protection. In consideration of the long-term needs of both environmental protection and development, it is proposed to give the coastline a new definition and connotation, to delineate the coastline protection red line and restore the natural attributes of some coastline.