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目的掌握楚雄州禽流感病毒在环境中的分布情况和变异规律,为防控H5N1、H5N6和H7N9高致病性禽流感疫情提供技术依据。方法 2014年-2016年每年1月-4月根据《云南省高致病性禽流感环境监测方案》,对楚雄州辖区县(市)的家禽规模养殖场、活禽交易市场和公园禽类养殖场所采集外环境标本进行流感病毒核酸检测。结果共采集199份标本,阳性率为20.1%,其中A/H5阳性率为2.5%,A/H9阳性率为16.1%,A/未能分型阳性率为1.5%,均未检测到A/H1、A/H3、A/H7亚型流感病毒阳性。结论楚雄州分布在外环境标本中的流感病毒主要以A/H9和A/H5亚型为主,而且阳性标本主要来源于活禽交易市场,其中A/H5亚型阳性标本集中在楚雄市。因此,楚雄市是云南省H5N1和H5N6高致病性禽流感疫情防控的重点地区,高致病性禽流感环境监测的重点应放在活禽交易市场。
Objective To understand the distribution and variation of avian influenza virus (CHV) in Chuxiong state in the environment and provide technical basis for preventing and controlling the outbreak of H5N1, H5N6 and H7N9 HPAI. Methods From January to April of each year from January 2014 to April 2016, the poultry scale farms, live poultry markets and poultry farms in the districts and counties of Chuxiong Prefecture were studied according to the “Yunnan Province Plan for the Monitoring of HPAI” Acquisition of environmental specimens for influenza virus nucleic acid detection. Results A total of 199 specimens were collected and the positive rate was 20.1%. The positive rate of A / H5 was 2.5%, the positive rate of A / H9 was 16.1%, and the positive rate of A / H1, A / H3, A / H7 subtype influenza virus positive. Conclusion The predominant influenza viruses in Chuxiong prefecture distributed mainly in the A / H9 and A / H5 subtypes. The positive samples mainly came from the live poultry market, and the A / H5 subtype positive samples were concentrated in Chuxiong. Therefore, Chuxiong City is a key area of prevention and control of H5N1 and H5N6 HPAI in Yunnan Province. Environmental monitoring of HPAI should focus on live poultry market.