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目的调查一起中学急性胃肠炎聚集性疫情,查明病原及可能传播途径,为采取针对性防控措施提供依据。方法搜索病例并采用现场流行病学调查法,了解病例发病情况和可疑传播途径,采集并检测桶装水、食物和肛拭子等有关标本。结果该校发现病例28例,均为学生,病例分散在14个班级,发病学生数最多的班级为910班,有5名学生发病,班级罹患率为10.00%。临床症状以呕吐为主,占85.71%。分别采集10份发病学生和38份食堂工作人员(无临床症状)大便(肛拭子),分别检出诺如病毒GⅡ型阳性7例和12例。结论本次疫情为一起诺如病毒引起的胃肠炎暴发疫情;可能的感染来源是诺如病毒隐性感染的食堂工作人员通过直接或间接传播。
Objective To investigate a cluster of acute gastroenteritis epidemics in secondary schools and to identify pathogen and possible routes of transmission for the purpose of providing targeted prevention and control measures. Methods To search for cases and adopt epidemiological investigation method in the field to understand the incidence of cases and suspicious transmission ways, and to collect and test such samples as bottled water, food and anal swabs. Results The school found 28 cases, all students, the cases were scattered in 14 classes, the highest number of students in the class of 910 classes, 5 students, class attack rate of 10.00%. Vomiting clinical symptoms, accounting for 85.71%. 10 cases of onset students and 38 canteen staff (no clinical symptoms) stool (anal swab) were collected, respectively, and seven cases of Norovirus type G positive and 12 cases were detected. Conclusions The outbreak was a Norovirus-induced outbreak of gastroenteritis. The possible source of infection was Norovirus transmission of canteens staff through direct or indirect transmission.