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目的探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)与脑白质改变的关系,为脑认知功能损害的早期防治提供依据。方法选择OSAS患者51例,依据睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(apnea-hypopnea index,AHI)分成轻度、中度、重度三组,行头颅MRI检查,同时选取19例非OSAS作为对照组(n=19),均进行头颅MRI检查。观察OSAS各组脑白质改变的头颅MRI表现。结果51例OSAS组中,头颅MRI显示47例脑白质改变,轻度组4例(7.8%)、中度组19例(37.2%)、重度组24例(47.1%);对照组仅3例患者可见大脑半球白质内异常信号,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论OSAS可以影响脑白质改变的发生发展。二者都是卒中的危险因素又相互影响,因此干预OSAS可能减轻脑白质改变,进而减少认知功能障碍的发生。
Objective To investigate the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and white matter changes, and to provide evidence for early prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment. Methods Fifty-one patients with OSAS were divided into three groups according to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI): mild, moderate and severe. The patients underwent cranial MRI examination and 19 non-OSAS patients were selected as control group (n = 19), were carried out head MRI. The head MRI findings of white matter changes in OSAS groups were observed. Results Of the 51 OSAS patients, cranial MRI showed 47 cases of white matter change, 4 cases (7.8%) in mild group, 19 cases (37.2%) in moderate group and 24 cases (47.1%) in severe group; only 3 cases in control group Patients showed abnormal signals in the white matter of the cerebral hemisphere, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion OSAS can affect the occurrence and development of white matter changes. Both are risk factors for stroke and interact with each other, so interfering with OSAS may reduce white matter changes and thus cognitive impairment.