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近年来对视网膜静脉分枝阻塞的视力损害提高了认识。视网膜静脉阻塞已成为视网膜血管疾患的最常见原因,仅次于糖尿病性视网膜病变而居第二位。 Leber(1877)首先描述其眼底表现,至上世纪末Elschnig等描述了静脉阻塞的典型改变及继发于阻塞的典型征象。Moore等(1924)最早报告静脉分枝阻塞病例,此后对分枝阻塞的眼底表现没有不同意见。然而,甚至在现在,对其发病原因、自然过程以及治疗处理,仍有相当的意见分岐。检查视力,在分枝静脉阻塞是追随观察和估计其眼部改变的重要数据。视野检查亦同样重要,常可表明由视力所不能表示出来的进步。大多数现有文献是将中心静脉阻塞与分枝阻塞并在一起来考虑。本文的目的是叙述分枝阻塞的特殊的和一般的特点。
In recent years, retinal vein occlusion of visual impairment increased awareness. Retinal vein occlusion has become the most common cause of retinal vascular disease, ranking second only to diabetic retinopathy. Leber (1877) first described his fundus findings. By the end of the last century Elschnig et al. Described typical changes in venous occlusion and the typical signs of secondary to occlusion. Moore et al. (1924) reported the earliest cases of venous occlusion and did not disagree with the performance of the occluded fundus. However, even now, there is still considerable divergence of opinions regarding the causes of the disease, natural processes, and treatment. Checking visual acuity in the branch vein occlusion is important data to follow the observation and assessment of their ocular changes. Visual field test is also important, often can indicate the progress that can not be expressed by eyesight. Most current literature considers central venous occlusion and occlusion of the branches together. The purpose of this article is to describe the special and general characteristics of branch blocking.