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目的分析江苏省2013年-2015年风疹病毒(RV)流行毒株的基因特征。方法采集该期间疑似风疹病例咽拭子标本,于Vero-Slam细胞上进行病毒分离,采用逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)方法对分离到的7株RV E1基因739个核苷酸片段进行扩增,对该PCR产物进行序列测定和分析,并与世界卫生组织(WHO)RV各基因型参考株进行分子流行病学研究。结果江苏省3株RV分离株属于1E基因型,核苷酸同源性为99.2%~100.0%,氨基酸同源性为99.6%~100.0%。4株RV分离株属于2B基因型,核苷酸同源性为98.9%~100.0%,氨基酸同源性为100.0%。血凝抑制位点和中和位点等抗原表位未发生变异,1E基因型风疹毒株在E1蛋白的aa338(Leu338→Phe338)、aa357(Leu357→Val357)发生变异。结论江苏省2013年-2015年风疹病毒的优势基因型为1E和2B基因型,与目前我国其他省份流行的风疹病毒基因型一致,E1基因氨基酸序列高度保守。
Objective To analyze the genetic characteristics of rubella virus (RV) strains in Jiangsu Province from 2013 to 2015. Methods The throat swab specimens from suspected rubella cases were collected during this period, and the virus was isolated on Vero-Slam cells. The 739 nucleotide fragments of the seven RV E1 genes were amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) The PCR products were sequenced and analyzed, and molecular epidemiological studies were carried out with WHO genotype reference strains. Results The three isolates of RV in Jiangsu Province belonged to the 1E genotype. The nucleotide homology was 99.2% -100.0%, and the amino acid homology was 99.6% -100.0%. The four isolates belonged to genotype 2B with nucleotide homology of 98.9% -100.0% and amino acid homology of 100.0%. There was no variation of epitopes such as hemagglutination inhibition sites and neutralization sites. The 1E genotype rubella virus mutated in aa338 (Leu338 → Phe338) and aa357 (Leu357 → Val357) of E1 protein. Conclusion The predominant genotypes of rubella virus in Jiangsu province between 2013 and 2015 are 1E and 2B genotypes, which are consistent with the rubella virus genotypes prevailing in other provinces in China at present. The amino acid sequence of E1 gene is highly conserved.