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目前国内对地方大部制改革的研究多侧重于县市一级,这就无法回答以下问题:在2008年和2013年的国家大部制改革中,中央反复强调地方改革没有时间表、可以因目前大部制制宜,但是地方特别是省级政府为什么仍然倾向选择与国务院大部制改革类似的方案?本文通过对中国直辖市M市大部制改革的实证分析发现,倾向于采取“回应型”的机构改革模式,以最大程度与中央的政策和机构相衔接,并由此降低机构改革的成本。这就区别于市县一级“创新型”的大部制改革。回应型改革的特点是:根据国家机构改革部署开展地方机构改革,机构改革在职能界定、机构设置、政策重心等方面基本与国家对应。其结果体现为职能的有限统一、地方政策的被动变迁以及行政机构面临长期整合三个方面。
At present, the research on the reform of local ministries and departments in China mainly focuses on county-level and municipal-level studies. This can not answer the following questions: During the major state-owned system reform in 2008 and 2013, the Central Committee repeatedly emphasized that there was no timetable for local reforms. At present, most of the system is suitable, but why do local governments, especially provincial ones, still prefer to choose a program similar to that of the State Council? Most of the reforms in this Municipality through the empirical analysis show that they tend to adopt a “response Type ”institutional reform model, with the greatest extent possible with the central policies and institutions to convergence, and thus reduce the cost of institutional reform. This is different from the county level “innovation ” most of the reform. The characteristics of response-oriented reform are: to carry out the reform of local institutions according to the reform and deployment of state agencies, and to basically match the state with respect to the definition of functions, the establishment of institutions and the center of gravity of policies. The result is embodied in three aspects: the limited unification of functions, the passive change of local policies and the long-term integration of administrative agencies.