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上个世纪六七十年代,是美国黑色幽默小说最盛行的时期,涌现出了约瑟夫·海勒、冯内古特·品钦、菲利普·罗斯等黑色幽默小说作家。他们的幽默作品饱含时代特色,“和当时的社会背景紧密相连,包含了人际关系的疏离、死亡和荒诞等重要的主题”(唐文,196)。以隐喻的方式诉说了当时代人的思想动态,勾勒了一幅幅荒诞背景下现代人的生活图景。海勒是最具代表性的黑色幽默小说家之一,因其作品中明显的现实主义元素而被成为“黑色幽默小说的旗手”。
The sixties and seventies of last century, is the most popular period of black humor novels in the United States, there emerged Joseph Hiller, Vonnegut Pynchon, Phillip Rose and other black humor writers. Their humorous works are full of the characteristics of the times. They are closely linked with the social background of the time and contain such important topics as the alienation of human relations, death and absurdity. “(Tang, 196). In the metaphorical way, he tells the dynamic thoughts of the contemporary people and sketches the pictures of the modern people under the absurd background. As one of the most representative black humor novelists, Heller became ”the standard bearer of black humor novels" due to the obvious elements of realism in his works.