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在黄河中上游的河南、山西、陕西、甘肃等省的黄土塬区,至今尚有数千万人居住在数代相传的靠崖或下沉式的黄土窑洞之中。由于黄土窑洞具有冬暖夏凉,节约投资,不破坏自然生态平衡,有鲜明的地方性和浓郁的乡土气息等优点,仍有强烈的生命力,是中华建筑文化的一个组成部分。黄土塬区属于干旱、半干旱类型的气候,年降雨量200～500mm,蒸发量为200至550mm,地下
In the loess areas of Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu provinces in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, tens of thousands of people still live in the loess or sinking loess caves that have been passed down from generation to generation. Because the loess caves have the advantages of being warm in winter and cool in summer, saving investment, not destroying the natural ecological balance, having distinctive locality and rich local flavor, they still have strong vitality and are an integral part of Chinese architectural culture. The loess area belongs to the arid and semi-arid climate, with an annual rainfall of 200-500mm and an evaporation of 200-550mm.