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目的:观察小儿肺热咳喘颗粒辅助治疗痰热壅肺型小儿支气管肺炎的疗效及对血清活化蛋白(APC)和白细胞介素1受体(IL-1R)的影响。方法:选择2016年6月至2018年6月丽水市妇幼保健院收治的小儿支气管肺炎患儿116例为观察对象，采用随机数字表法均分为观察组和对照组各58例，两组患儿均给以常规治疗，观察组在此基础上采用小儿肺热咳喘颗粒辅助治疗。观察两组患儿治疗后疗效、临床症状消失时间，以及治疗前后的APC和IL-1R水平变化情况。结果:治疗后，观察组的临床总有效率为96.55%，高于对照组的81.03%，差异有统计学意义(χn 2＝7.017，n P＝0.008)；观察组的退热时间、肺部啰音消失时间、X线炎症消失时间及咳嗽消失时间均短于对照组，差异均有统计学意义(n t＝9.134、13.157、3.407、8.532，均n P0.05)；治疗后，两组患儿的血清ACP水平均升高(均n P<0.05)，且观察组高于对照组(n t＝5.029，n P<0.05)；而两组血清IL-1R水平均降低(均n P<0.05)，且观察组低于对照组(n t＝11.835，n P<0.05)。n 结论:小儿肺热咳喘颗粒辅助治疗痰热壅肺型小儿支气管肺炎疗效确切，可迅速改善患儿的临床症状，可能与其可降低血清IL-1R水平和提高APC水平有关。“,”Objective:To observe the effect of Xiaoerfeire Kechuan Granule in the treatment of bronchopneumonia in children and its effect on serum activating protein(APC) and interleukin-1 receptor(IL-1R).Methods:From June 2016 to June 2018, 116 children with pediatric bronchial pneumonia admitted to the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Lishui were selected as observation subjects.According to the random number table method, the patients were divided into observation group and control group, with 58 cases in each group.Both two groups were given conventional therapy.On the basis of this treatment, the observation group was treated with Xiaoerfeire Kechuan Granule.The therapeutic effects, the disappearance time of clinical symptoms, and the changes of APC and IL-1R levels before and after treatment were observed.Results:After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 96.55%, which was higher than that of the control group(81.03%), the difference was statistically significant(χn 2=7.017, n P=0.008). The defervescence time, lung voice disappeared time, disappearance time of X-ray inflammation and disappearance time of cough in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(n t=9.134, 13.157, 3.407, 8.532, all n P0.05). After treatment, the serum ACP levels increased in both two groups(alln P<0.05), and the ACP level of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(t=5.209,n P<0.05); the serum IL-1R level of the two groups were decreased(alln P<0.05), and the IL-1R level of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (n t=11.835, n P<0.05).n Conclusion:Xiaoerfeire Kechuan Granule is effective in the treatment of children with bronchopneumonia, which can improve the clinical symptoms of children rapidly, its mechanism may be related to lowering serum IL-1R level and increasing APC level.