旅客运输在苏联铁路运输当中占有特别重要的地化。目前,苏联铁路的客运量占苏联交通总客运量的40%。苏联铁路的旅客运输有两个显著的特点:一是运量大,一是市郊运输的比重大。苏联是世界上用铁路运输旅客最多的国家之一。它的旅客周转量在1978年已达到3,321亿人公里,居世界第一位和日本差不多,(日本铁路的旅客周转量75年为3,238亿人公里)。苏联铁路的旅客发送量在1978年也超过360,300万人,平均每昼夜发送约1,000万人左右,仅次于日本(日本铁路的旅客发送量在1975年为1,758,880万人,平均每昼夜发送旅客4818.8万人),居世界第二位。苏联铁路的旅客平均运程1978年为92.1公里。其中市郊旅客的平均运程约30公里左右,长途旅客的平均运程约660公里左右。苏联铁路旅客列车的旅行 Passenger transport occupies a particularly important place in Soviet railway transport. At present, Soviet railway passenger traffic accounts for 40% of total passenger traffic in the Soviet Union. There are two notable features of the Soviet railway passenger transport: First, the volume of traffic, first, the proportion of suburban transport. The Soviet Union is one of the countries with the largest passenger transport by rail in the world. Its passenger traffic volume reached 3,321 billion passenger-kilometers in 1978, ranking the first in the world to be similar to Japan (Japan’s railway has a passenger volume of 332.8 billion passenger-kilometers in 75 years). In 1978, the Soviet Union sent more than 360.3 million passengers, sending an average of about 10 million people a day, second only to Japan (with 18,758.8 million passengers sent by Japan Railways in 1975 and an average of 4818.8 passengers per day and night Million), ranking second in the world. The average passenger load of Soviet Railways in 1978 was 92.1 km. Among them, the average journey of suburban passengers is about 30 kilometers and that of long-distance travelers about 660 kilometers. Soviet railway passenger train travel