随着中国社会人口老龄化，老年髋部骨折发病率呈明显递增趋势。高龄患者存在各种基础疾病、器官代偿能力下降等问题，增大手术与麻醉的相关风险，增加患者的术后并发症发生率和死亡率，影响患者的康复进程。营养不良是导致老年患者髋部骨折的主要原因之一，也是预测患者预后的主要因素。老年髋部骨折患者是发生营养不良的高危人群。营养不良可导致不良的临床结局，如增加病死率和并发症、延长住院时间、增加住院费用等。老年髋部骨折患者应常规行营养风险筛查；对于存在营养不良或有营养风险者应给予营养支持治疗，并通过观察患者并发症发生率、病死率、康复状况等预后指标，对营养支持治疗进行评估和优化。目前，作为老年髋部骨折治疗主体的骨科医生对于患者的营养状态并不足够重视，许多老年髋部骨折患者在接受骨折手术的同时营养不良的状况并未得到改善。因此，加强老年髋部骨折患者围手术期营养管理对于改善其总体预后至关重要。国内关于老年髋部骨折患者营养状况的研究起步较晚，许多医疗机构没有对老年髋部骨折患者开展常规的营养筛查和积极的营养支持治疗，在老年髋部骨折患者营养支持治疗方面也缺少相关临床研究与数据统计。鉴于此，介绍目前国内外老年髋部骨折患者营养风险筛查及营养支持治疗的研究状况，但由于各地区人种、生活方式、宗教文化、饮食习惯的差异。国外的研究数据并不一定适合国内的患者，为在国内开展老年髋部骨折患者围手术期营养筛查和营养治疗的研究，建立适合中国老年髋部骨折患者的营养管理方案提供参考依据。“,”With the aging of the Chinese society and the population, the incidence of hip fractures in the elderly is increasing significantly. Elderly patients have various basic diseases and decreased organ compensatory capacity, which increase the risks related to surgery and anesthesia, increase the incidence of postoperative complications and mortality, and affect the recovery process of patients. Malnutrition is one of the main causes of hip fractures in elderly patients, and it is also a major factor predicting the prognosis of patients. Elderly patients with hip fractures are considered at high risk of malnutrition. Malnutrition can lead to adverse clinical outcomes, such as increased mortality and complications, prolonged hospital stays, and increased hospital costs. Elderly patients with hip fracture should be routinely screened for nutritional risk. Those with malnutrition or nutritional risk, should be given nutritional support treatment. And conduct assessments and optimizations of nutritional support treatmentby observing the prognosis indicators such as complication rate, mortality, and rehabilitation status. At present, orthopedic surgeons who are the main body of elderly hip fracture treatment do not pay enough attention to the nutritional status of patients. Many elderly hip fracture patients undergo surgery while their malnutrition status has not improved. Therefore, it is important to improve their prognosis that strengthen the perioperative nutritional management of elderly patients with hip fracture. Domestic research on the nutritional status of elderly hip fracture patients started late. Many medical institutions have not carried out routine nutritional screening and active nutritional support treatment for elderly hip fracture patients, and there is also a lack of relevant clinical research and data statistics in the nutritional support and treatment of elderly patients with hip fractures. This article describes the current research status of nutritional risk screening and nutritional support treatment for elderly patients with hip fracture at home and abroad. However, due to differences in ethnicity, lifestyle, religious culture, and eating habits in various regions, foreign research data may not be suitable for domestic patients. Therefore, this article provides a reference for the research on perioperative nutritional screening and nutritional treatment of elderly hip fracture patients, and establishes a nutritional management plan suitable for elderly hip fracture patients in China.