论文部分内容阅读
一、词汇过关
1. private
【考纲释义】 adj. 私人的;私有的
The President is paying a private visit to Europe.总统正在对欧洲作私人访问。
Don’t repeat what I’ve told you to anyone, it’s private.不要向别人转述我告诉你的事, 这是保密的。
Is there a private corner where we can sit and talk by ourselves? 这里有什么僻静的角落,可以让我们单独坐下来谈谈吗?
【知识拓展】
for private reasons 仅仅私下地, 不能让外人知道 private information 秘密的消息 in private 秘密地; 私下地
2. impression
【考纲释义】 n. 印象;感想;印记
She made a good impression on his mother.她给他母亲留下了很好的印象。
I got the impression (that) they’d just had an argument.我感到他们刚刚争论过。
I must correct a false impression that I gave you just now.我必须纠正刚才给你留下的错误印象。
【知识拓展】
have an impression of sth. / doing sth. that…make an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象make no impression on 对……无影响 / 效果 give sb. a favorable impression给某人以好印象impress vt.留下印象impress sth. on / upon one’s mind把……牢记在心上
3. remind
【考纲释义】 vt. 提醒;使想起
If my father forgets it, I hope you would remind him.如果我父亲忘了的话, 希望你能提醒他一下。
These notes will remind you how to present your ideas.这些笔记可以帮你记起怎样讲清楚你的想法。
Please remind him that we are leaving at six tomorrow morning.请提醒他我们明晨6点出发。
The film reminded him of what he had seen in China.这部影片使他回想起在中国所看到的一切。
【知识拓展】
remind sb. of sth. = remind sb. about... 提醒某人某事;
remind sb. that提醒某人做某事; 使某人想起去做某事
4. lack
【考纲释义】 vt. 缺乏;没有n. 缺乏;短缺的东西
We never lack food and clothing if we’re willing to work.如果我们愿意工作, 就不会缺吃少穿。
But they could not finish their work because they lacked money.但是, 他们无法完成这一工作, 因为缺少钱。
The situation was worsened by lack of communication. 因为缺少沟通,情况变得越来越糟。
They lost the game, but not for lack of trying. 他们输了比赛,但不是因为不够努力。
She thought she would collapse from lack of sleep.她觉得自己会因睡眠不足而垮掉。
【知识拓展】
lack sth.(wisdom / common sense / money缺乏智慧 / 常识 / 金钱)
be lacking in (courage / determination to do...) 缺乏做某事的勇气 / 决心
a / the lack of...……的缺乏 for lack of因缺乏……have no lack of 不缺乏
5. switch
【考纲释义】 n. 开关;转换vt.转换
Where is the light switch?电灯开关在哪儿?
We had to make a switch in our arrangements.我们不得不对我们的安排作些变动。
She worked as a librarian and then switched to journalism.她先是做图书管理员,然后改行到新闻界工作。
The remote control allows you to switch easily between TV channels. 遥控器让你在不同电视频道之间轻松地转换。
【知识拓展】
switch back to变回switch from从……转变switch to 转到;变成 switch between 在……之间转换
6. assist
【考纲释义】 vi. & vt.帮助;援助;协助
We’ll do the job more quickly if you assist us.如果你帮忙,我们工作会更快。
He had to assist her in opening the gates.他得帮她打开各道门。
He assisted her to find employment.他帮助她找工作。
【知识拓展】
assist sb.in / with sth. 辅助(某人)某事
assist sb. in doing sth. 辅助(某人)做某事
assist sb. to do sth. 辅助(某人)做某事
assist with帮助(照料,做);在……上给予帮助
7. require
【考纲释义】 vt. 需要;要求
The officer required me to show my licence.警察要求看我的执照。
They required that I (should) go there tonight.他们要求我今晚去那里。
The police required the traveler to unlock his luggage.警察要求旅客打开行李。
The teacher requires us that we must read English every morning.老师要求我们每天早晨读英语。
【知识拓展】
1. require 后接宾语从句,从句的谓语动词用(should) + 动词原形。
2. sth + require + doing = sth + require + to be done 某物需要……
二、短语诠释
1. take up拿起;占据;从事
She took up the receiver and began to dial the number. 她拿起听筒开始拨电话号码。
I won’t take up much of your time.我不会占用你很多时间。
This thing takes up all my attention.这件事占用我所有的注意力。
【知识拓展】
takeoff 脱掉(衣服等);起飞 ;成名
take over接管;获得对……的控制
take apart拆开:将……分成许多部分
take for把……视作
take...for granted认为……是理所当然
take down写下,记下 take back收回
2. catch sight of看见; 瞥见
If you ever catch sight of Ted anywhere, call the police. 你要是在任何地方看到泰德,就报警。
The best time to catch sight of those birds is the early evening. 看那些鸟的最佳时刻是在傍晚。
The old man is very angry when he catches sight of his daughter dancing with that young man. 老人发现他女儿正和那年轻人跳舞时非常生气。
【知识拓展】
get / have (a) sight of看见,发现 lose sight of看不见;忽视 at(the) sight of 一看见 at first sight初见;乍一见out of sight不被看见,在视线之外 out of sight of在……看不见的地方 in / within sight of在……看得见的地方
3. sweep up打扫;横扫
Did you sweep up all the broken glass? 你有没有把碎玻璃都扫掉?
He was left to sweep up after the party. 宴会结束后,他被留下来打扫卫生。
【知识拓展】
sweep aside放到一边;不予理会 sweep away扫清, 迅速消灭; 冲走sweep off 扫清; 吹走sweep out扫掉; 清除sweep over将……一扫而光
4. speed up 加速
We’ll never get there if he doesn’t speed up. 如果他不走快些, 我们一定到不了那里。
Could you speed up, please? I don’t want to miss my flight. 麻烦能请你开快一点吗?我不想错过我的班机。
【知识拓展】at the speed of 以……速度
5. assist in帮助;援助
He assisted me in the preparation of this book.他协助我撰写此书。
The boy assisted his father in sweeping the floor.那男孩帮他父亲擦地板。
【知识拓展】
assist sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb. in doing sth.帮助某人做某事
三、句式详解
1. What problems do you think people in the future will have overcome?你认为未来人们将需要克服什么问题?
本句结构为:疑问词 + do you think + 其余部分(其余部分为陈述语序),do you think 为插入成分。能用于此句型的动词有:think,believe,suppose,imagine,suggest,expect等。例如:
Who do you think is the tallest in your class?你认为在你们班谁最高?
What do you believe matters when we take up the work?你认为我们从事这项工作什么东西最要紧?
注意:如果此句型的动词后面的从句里有否定意义,往往要把否定词前置。例如:
I don’t think it’s right to do so. 我想这样做是不对的。
2. Then Wang Ping flash a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic. 然后王平在电脑屏幕上的开关闪了一下,于是一张桌子和几把椅子就像变魔术般地从地板下升了起来。
句中的from under the floor为双重介词结构,双重介词结构是指由两个介词搭配而成,如from under the bed(从床底下), until after (before) lunch(直到午饭后 / 前), except on Sundays(除在星期天外), since before the war(自战前以来)等。双重介词结构在句中主要充当时间、地点、方式等状语。最常用的双重介词是from 加另一些介词。如 from inside, from under, from above, from between, from among, from around, from in等。例如:
He waved at me from across the street. 他从对面马路上向我招手。
3. Worried about the journey, I was un-settled for the first few days.因为担忧旅程,头几天我无法安定下来。
句中的Worried about the journey为过去分词短语作状语,表示原因,相当于 As I worried about...动词过去分词在句子中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。一般来说,如果动词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是主动关系,就用动词-ing形式形式作状语;如果是被动关系就用过去分词作状语。例如:
Entering the office ( = As soon as she entered the office), she shut the door behind her.她一进办公室,就把门关上了。
Given more time ( = If we are given more time), we can finish the work successfully.如果再多给我们一点时间,我们就可以成功地完成这项工作。
1. private
【考纲释义】 adj. 私人的;私有的
The President is paying a private visit to Europe.总统正在对欧洲作私人访问。
Don’t repeat what I’ve told you to anyone, it’s private.不要向别人转述我告诉你的事, 这是保密的。
Is there a private corner where we can sit and talk by ourselves? 这里有什么僻静的角落,可以让我们单独坐下来谈谈吗?
【知识拓展】
for private reasons 仅仅私下地, 不能让外人知道 private information 秘密的消息 in private 秘密地; 私下地
2. impression
【考纲释义】 n. 印象;感想;印记
She made a good impression on his mother.她给他母亲留下了很好的印象。
I got the impression (that) they’d just had an argument.我感到他们刚刚争论过。
I must correct a false impression that I gave you just now.我必须纠正刚才给你留下的错误印象。
【知识拓展】
have an impression of sth. / doing sth. that…make an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象make no impression on 对……无影响 / 效果 give sb. a favorable impression给某人以好印象impress vt.留下印象impress sth. on / upon one’s mind把……牢记在心上
3. remind
【考纲释义】 vt. 提醒;使想起
If my father forgets it, I hope you would remind him.如果我父亲忘了的话, 希望你能提醒他一下。
These notes will remind you how to present your ideas.这些笔记可以帮你记起怎样讲清楚你的想法。
Please remind him that we are leaving at six tomorrow morning.请提醒他我们明晨6点出发。
The film reminded him of what he had seen in China.这部影片使他回想起在中国所看到的一切。
【知识拓展】
remind sb. of sth. = remind sb. about... 提醒某人某事;
remind sb. that提醒某人做某事; 使某人想起去做某事
4. lack
【考纲释义】 vt. 缺乏;没有n. 缺乏;短缺的东西
We never lack food and clothing if we’re willing to work.如果我们愿意工作, 就不会缺吃少穿。
But they could not finish their work because they lacked money.但是, 他们无法完成这一工作, 因为缺少钱。
The situation was worsened by lack of communication. 因为缺少沟通,情况变得越来越糟。
They lost the game, but not for lack of trying. 他们输了比赛,但不是因为不够努力。
She thought she would collapse from lack of sleep.她觉得自己会因睡眠不足而垮掉。
【知识拓展】
lack sth.(wisdom / common sense / money缺乏智慧 / 常识 / 金钱)
be lacking in (courage / determination to do...) 缺乏做某事的勇气 / 决心
a / the lack of...……的缺乏 for lack of因缺乏……have no lack of 不缺乏
5. switch
【考纲释义】 n. 开关;转换vt.转换
Where is the light switch?电灯开关在哪儿?
We had to make a switch in our arrangements.我们不得不对我们的安排作些变动。
She worked as a librarian and then switched to journalism.她先是做图书管理员,然后改行到新闻界工作。
The remote control allows you to switch easily between TV channels. 遥控器让你在不同电视频道之间轻松地转换。
【知识拓展】
switch back to变回switch from从……转变switch to 转到;变成 switch between 在……之间转换
6. assist
【考纲释义】 vi. & vt.帮助;援助;协助
We’ll do the job more quickly if you assist us.如果你帮忙,我们工作会更快。
He had to assist her in opening the gates.他得帮她打开各道门。
He assisted her to find employment.他帮助她找工作。
【知识拓展】
assist sb.in / with sth. 辅助(某人)某事
assist sb. in doing sth. 辅助(某人)做某事
assist sb. to do sth. 辅助(某人)做某事
assist with帮助(照料,做);在……上给予帮助
7. require
【考纲释义】 vt. 需要;要求
The officer required me to show my licence.警察要求看我的执照。
They required that I (should) go there tonight.他们要求我今晚去那里。
The police required the traveler to unlock his luggage.警察要求旅客打开行李。
The teacher requires us that we must read English every morning.老师要求我们每天早晨读英语。
【知识拓展】
1. require 后接宾语从句,从句的谓语动词用(should) + 动词原形。
2. sth + require + doing = sth + require + to be done 某物需要……
二、短语诠释
1. take up拿起;占据;从事
She took up the receiver and began to dial the number. 她拿起听筒开始拨电话号码。
I won’t take up much of your time.我不会占用你很多时间。
This thing takes up all my attention.这件事占用我所有的注意力。
【知识拓展】
takeoff 脱掉(衣服等);起飞 ;成名
take over接管;获得对……的控制
take apart拆开:将……分成许多部分
take for把……视作
take...for granted认为……是理所当然
take down写下,记下 take back收回
2. catch sight of看见; 瞥见
If you ever catch sight of Ted anywhere, call the police. 你要是在任何地方看到泰德,就报警。
The best time to catch sight of those birds is the early evening. 看那些鸟的最佳时刻是在傍晚。
The old man is very angry when he catches sight of his daughter dancing with that young man. 老人发现他女儿正和那年轻人跳舞时非常生气。
【知识拓展】
get / have (a) sight of看见,发现 lose sight of看不见;忽视 at(the) sight of 一看见 at first sight初见;乍一见out of sight不被看见,在视线之外 out of sight of在……看不见的地方 in / within sight of在……看得见的地方
3. sweep up打扫;横扫
Did you sweep up all the broken glass? 你有没有把碎玻璃都扫掉?
He was left to sweep up after the party. 宴会结束后,他被留下来打扫卫生。
【知识拓展】
sweep aside放到一边;不予理会 sweep away扫清, 迅速消灭; 冲走sweep off 扫清; 吹走sweep out扫掉; 清除sweep over将……一扫而光
4. speed up 加速
We’ll never get there if he doesn’t speed up. 如果他不走快些, 我们一定到不了那里。
Could you speed up, please? I don’t want to miss my flight. 麻烦能请你开快一点吗?我不想错过我的班机。
【知识拓展】at the speed of 以……速度
5. assist in帮助;援助
He assisted me in the preparation of this book.他协助我撰写此书。
The boy assisted his father in sweeping the floor.那男孩帮他父亲擦地板。
【知识拓展】
assist sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb. in doing sth.帮助某人做某事
三、句式详解
1. What problems do you think people in the future will have overcome?你认为未来人们将需要克服什么问题?
本句结构为:疑问词 + do you think + 其余部分(其余部分为陈述语序),do you think 为插入成分。能用于此句型的动词有:think,believe,suppose,imagine,suggest,expect等。例如:
Who do you think is the tallest in your class?你认为在你们班谁最高?
What do you believe matters when we take up the work?你认为我们从事这项工作什么东西最要紧?
注意:如果此句型的动词后面的从句里有否定意义,往往要把否定词前置。例如:
I don’t think it’s right to do so. 我想这样做是不对的。
2. Then Wang Ping flash a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic. 然后王平在电脑屏幕上的开关闪了一下,于是一张桌子和几把椅子就像变魔术般地从地板下升了起来。
句中的from under the floor为双重介词结构,双重介词结构是指由两个介词搭配而成,如from under the bed(从床底下), until after (before) lunch(直到午饭后 / 前), except on Sundays(除在星期天外), since before the war(自战前以来)等。双重介词结构在句中主要充当时间、地点、方式等状语。最常用的双重介词是from 加另一些介词。如 from inside, from under, from above, from between, from among, from around, from in等。例如:
He waved at me from across the street. 他从对面马路上向我招手。
3. Worried about the journey, I was un-settled for the first few days.因为担忧旅程,头几天我无法安定下来。
句中的Worried about the journey为过去分词短语作状语,表示原因,相当于 As I worried about...动词过去分词在句子中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。一般来说,如果动词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是主动关系,就用动词-ing形式形式作状语;如果是被动关系就用过去分词作状语。例如:
Entering the office ( = As soon as she entered the office), she shut the door behind her.她一进办公室,就把门关上了。
Given more time ( = If we are given more time), we can finish the work successfully.如果再多给我们一点时间,我们就可以成功地完成这项工作。