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一、引言地下采矿造成岩体失去平衡。这种失衡最先表现为地下开采区上方地面下陷,造成道路、建筑物以及地表工程结构的破坏。尽管人们采取了各种措施,但没有一种是完全成功的,因为它们无法消除在岩体某些部位上产生的高应力。有时,弹性应变能积聚过大以致当其释放时引起岩石爆裂。人们采用了地震及震-声法预报这些现象,但也并非总是那么可靠。因而从研究方法角度讲,此问题仍亟待解决。
I. INTRODUCTION Underground mining causes the rock mass to lose its balance. This imbalance was first manifested by subsidence of the ground above the underground mining area, resulting in the destruction of roads, buildings and surface structures. Notwithstanding the various measures taken by people, none of them has been entirely successful because they can not eliminate the high stresses that occur in certain parts of the rock mass. In some cases, the elastic strain can accumulate so much that it causes a rock burst when it is released. People use seismic and seismic-acoustic predictions of these phenomena, but they are not always reliable. Therefore, from the perspective of research methods, this issue still needs to be solved.