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目的探索超说明书用药的风险及其防范措施。方法在2014年7月至2015年7月期间收集1000份临床医嘱为此次研究对象,对临床医嘱进行回顾性分析,探索其中超说明书潜在风险因素后,实施相应的预防措施。结果从超说明书现状存在的原因角度分析,15.20%可因药品说明书自身存在漏洞所致,12.40%可因药品制剂的限制或药品的特殊性所致,13.40%可因患者认知所致,10.50%可因患者依从性差所致,11.50%可因特殊人群的药物安全性信息不足所致,12.80%可因药品说明书内容不全面所致;超说明书现状风险性角度分析,30.7%存在用药意外风险,15.10%存在人为用药风险,30.00%存在患者用药风险。同时预防后的用药错误率(45.80%)明显低于预防前(P<0.05)。结论超说明书用药风险主要包括患者用药风险、人为用药风险、用药意外风险,通过分析相关风险性后,再实施相应的防范措施,可降低用药错误率。
Objective To explore the risk of super instruction manual medication and preventive measures. Methods From July 2014 to July 2015, 1000 clinical doctors were collected for this study. The clinical doctors’ orders were retrospectively analyzed, and the potential risk factors in the manual were explored, and the corresponding preventive measures were implemented. Results From the point of view of the current status of super manual, 15.20% may be due to the existence of loopholes in the drug specification itself, 12.40% may be due to the limitations of the drug product or the particularity of the drug, 13.40% may be due to patient cognition, 10.50% % Can be due to poor compliance due to patients, 11.50% due to lack of information on drug safety due to special populations, 12.80% may be due to the incomplete content of the drug instruction manual; Prospective risk analysis of the manual, 30.7% , 15.10% there is the risk of human medication, 30.00% there is the risk of medication. At the same time, the medication error rate after prevention (45.80%) was significantly lower than that before prevention (P <0.05). Conclusion The risk of drug abuse in the manuals mainly includes the drug risk of patients, the risks of human medication and the accidental risks of medication. By analyzing relevant risks, the corresponding preventive measures can be implemented to reduce the error rate of medication.