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目的:对精神科急诊患者自伤自杀行为发生及相关因素进行初步调查。方法:采用自杀危险因素评估表对精神专科医院急诊非取药患者1 325例进行评估,并根据评分将其分为自伤自杀组146例(评分≥21分)和非自伤自杀组1 179例(评分≤20分),分别对两组社会人口学及疾病学资料进行调查分析。结果:女性就诊者自伤自杀行为高于男性(χ2=6.158,P<0.05),白天就诊者高于其他时间段就诊者(χ2=27.740,P<0.001),父母关系不和的就诊者高于父母关系好的就诊者(χ2=9.771,P<0.01),存在疾病诱因的就诊者高于无疾病诱因的就诊者(χ2=15.134,P<0.01),多次发病的就诊者高于首次发病的就诊者(χ2=8.578,P<0.05),临床诊断焦虑抑郁状态的就诊者高于其他临床诊断的就诊者(χ2=125.203,P<0.001)及有躯体疾病的就诊者高于无躯体疾病的就诊者(χ2=9.039,P<0.05)。结论:女性、发病诱因、发病次数、躯体疾病、父母关系、就诊时间及焦虑抑郁状态是精神科急诊患者发生自伤自杀行为的主要相关因素。
Objective: To investigate the occurrence and related factors of self-injurious suicide in psychiatric emergency patients. Methods: A total of 1325 emergency non-withdrawal patients in psychiatric hospital were evaluated by using suicide risk factor assessment table. According to the scores, they were divided into 146 suicide patients (score≥21) and non-suicide suicide patients Cases (score ≤ 20 points), respectively, two groups of socio-demography and epidemiological data for investigation and analysis. Results: The self-injury behavior of female patients was higher than that of males (χ2 = 6.158, P <0.05), the patients in daytime were higher than those in other time groups (χ2 = 27.740, P <0.001) In the parents with good relationship (χ2 = 9.771, P <0.01), the number of patients with disease predisposition was higher than that without disease predisposition (χ2 = 15.134, P <0.01) (Χ2 = 8.578, P <0.05). The clinical diagnosis of anxiety and depression was higher in patients who were clinically diagnosed (χ2 = 125.203, P <0.001) and those with physical illness were higher than those without physical body Outpatients with disease (χ2 = 9.039, P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Female, predisposing factors, frequency of onset, somatic disease, parental relationship, visit time and anxiety and depression status are the main relevant factors of self-injurious suicide among psychiatric emergency patients.