中国古代国家官僚机构都设有专司天学的官署，并置有天文、历法、漏刻等分职机构，主要负责观象、制历、报时等方面的事务。几千年来，虽然天学机构的名称、部门的设置、职官的品秩、职掌的范围，历代都有过一些变化，但总体上是一脉相承的，其基本职能未曾有过实质性变化。中 In the ancient Chinese state bureaucracies, there was a government agency specialized in the science of astronomy, and there were agencies such as astronomy, calendar and missed engraving, which were mainly responsible for matters relating to the observation of the images, the calendar of events, and the reporting of time. For thousands of years, although there have been some changes in the names, departmental settings, ranks of officials, the scope of their posts and the past dynasties, the astronomical institutions have generally maintained the same strain and have not undergone substantive changes in their basic functions. in