一、环境公民诉讼的目的和意义自20世纪70年代早期至今,美国国会在“私人检察总长”(private attorneys-general)的理论上建立了美国环境公民诉讼制度。私人检察总长制度可以追溯到13世纪的英格兰,这是一种允许个人或机构代表政府起诉不法行为人的诉讼,目的在于对诸如下列情况作出宣告或者禁止:(1)危害公共利益者;(2)法 I. Purpose and Significance of Environmental Citizenship Litigation Since the early 1970s, the U.S. Congress has established a system of U.S. environmental citizenship in the theory of “private attorneys-general.” The system of private prosecutors dates back to the 13th century England, a law allowing individuals or institutions to prosecute perpetrators of unlawful acts on behalf of the government for the purpose of declaring or prohibiting, for example: (1) those who endanger the public interest; (2) )law