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利用SSR分子标记和主要食味性状分析江苏主栽粳稻品种的食味结构。50对SSR引物中有41对存在多态性,41对多态性标记在86个品种间共扩增出113个等位基因,每个标记的等位基因数目为2~6个,平均2.76个;多态信息含量(PIC值)变异范围为0.02~0.84,平均为0.48;Nei’s基因多样性指数变幅在0.02~0.68之间,平均为0.37;遗传聚类分析可将86个品种分为3个类群。在正季长日照情况下,品种间直链淀粉及蛋白质含量在遗传聚类的I、II、III类中呈现出递减的趋势,食味分值则反之;而在短日照条件下,第II、第III大类型品种的直链淀粉及蛋白质含量较正季显著升高,食味值显著下降,而第I类型品种降幅不大;总体而言,江苏主栽粳稻品种的食味一般且遗传背景相近,拓宽遗传基础是培育环境钝感型优质食味粳稻的重要途径。
Analysis of the Taste Structure of Japonica Rice Varieties Majoring in Jiangsu Using SSR Molecular Markers and Major Food Eating Traits. Polymorphism was found in 41 out of 50 pairs of SSR primers. A total of 113 alleles were amplified from 86 cultivars with 41 pairs of polymorphic markers, with an average of 2.76 alleles per marker (PIC) ranged from 0.02 to 0.84, with an average of 0.48; Nei’s gene diversity ranged from 0.02 to 0.68, with an average of 0.37; and genetic clustering analysis could classify 86 cultivars into 3 groups. In the positive season, the amylose content and protein content of varieties showed a decreasing trend in I, II and III of genetic clustering, while the score value of eating and nutrition was the contrary. Under short daylight conditions, The content of amylose and protein in the third largest type of cultivars was significantly higher than that in the first seasons and the value of food taste decreased significantly, but the first type of cultivars did not decrease significantly. Generally speaking, the main japonica cultivars in Jiangsu Province had general taste and similar genetic background, Broaden the genetic basis is to cultivate the environment insensitive high-quality taste-eating japonica rice an important way.