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受孟德斯鸠、托克维尔、马克思、韦伯、哈耶克等人的影响,阿隆的诸多著作和评论中都蕴含着政治制度的价值诉求与政治主体的道德取向。通过相关文本的系统梳理,我们发现:就价值诉求而言,阿隆主张要以自由、平等、民主作为政治制度的“理想标准”;就伦理取向而言,阿隆强调要以责任伦理和信念伦理的互为补充、有机结合作为政治主体的“道德选择”。阿隆认为,尽管自由、平等、民主的完美的政治制度到目前还没有真正实现,但将其作为“理想标准”是完全必要的。阿隆还希望,在现实的政治生活中,在信念伦理和责任伦理的共同支配下,履行“政治天职”的社会精英,应该能够从“道德判断”和“社会条件”的相互制约中,做出务实、合理、正义的政治选择。
Influenced by Montesquieu, Tocqueville, Marx, Weber, Hayek and others, many works and comments of Aaron contain the value of the political system and the moral orientation of the political subject. Through the systematic combing of relevant texts, we find that Aron advocates freedom, equality and democracy as the “ideal standard” of the political system in terms of value appeal. In terms of ethical orientation, Aron emphasizes that ethics of responsibility And beliefs and ethics complement each other, organic combination as the main political “moral choice ”. Aron believes that although the perfect political system of freedom, equality and democracy has not really materialized so far, it is absolutely necessary to regard it as an “ideal standard.” Aron also hoped that in the real political life, under the common control of the ethics of faith and ethics of responsibility, the social elites who perform their “political duty” should be able to choose from the “moral judgment” and “social conditions” Mutual restraint, to make a pragmatic, reasonable and just political choice.