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目的了解哈萨克族中学生错畸形的流行病学特征。方法用随机分组和安氏分类法,对伊犁哈萨克自治州直属一中的1200名哈族中学生的错畸形情况进行了普查。他们被分为两组:A组为男女对照组:其中男性580人,女性620人,B组为城乡对照组:其中城市籍学生898人,乡村籍学生302人。结果1200名哈族中学生错畸形者492人,总发病率为41%;其中A组男错畸形者235人,发病率为40.5%;女错畸形者257人,发病率为41.4%(P>0.05);B组城市籍学生错畸形者411人,发病率为45.7%,农村籍学生错畸形者81人,发病率为26.8%(P<0.05)。429例错畸形者中安氏Ⅰ类错畸形302人占61.3%;Ⅱ类78人占13.8%,Ⅲ类112人占22.76%。结论新疆伊犁州哈族中学生错畸形的发病率为41%,明显低于全国口腔正畸专业委员会2000年统计的中国儿童青少年50%的错畸形发病率;在分类中以牙齿排列异常AngieⅠ型错为主,而以下颌骨发育异常的AngieⅡ～Ⅲ型错畸形则较少。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of miscarriage deformity in Kazak middle school students. Methods The random grouping and Angle classification were used to survey the malformation and deformity of 1,200 Ha ethnic middle school students directly under the jurisdiction of Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. They were divided into two groups: Group A was male and female control group: 580 males and 620 females. Group B was urban-rural control group with 898 urban students and 302 rural students. Results A total of 1,292 misogyny deformities were found in 492 Han nationality middle school students with a total prevalence of 41%. Among them, 235 were male malocclusion deformities in group A with a prevalence of 40.5% and 257 female malocclusion malformations with a prevalence of 41.4% (P> 0.05). The incidence of malformation deformity among urban students in group B was 411, with a prevalence of 45.7%. There were 81 malformation deformities in rural students, with a prevalence of 26.8% (P <0.05). Of the 429 cases of misdiagnosed malocclusion, 302 (61.3%) were Type I malocclusion, 13.8% were in category II, and 22.76% were in category III. Conclusions The incidence of malformation deformity is 41% in Kazakh middle school students in Yili prefecture, Xinjiang, which is significantly lower than 50% incidence of malformation malformations among Chinese children and adolescents in 2000 by the National Orthodontics Committee. In the classification, Angie Ⅰ Type error, while the following mandibular dysplasia Angie Ⅱ ~ Ⅲ malocclusion is less.