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目的分析甘肃省静宁县2001-2015年围产儿出生缺陷的发生情况,探讨出生缺陷发生的相关危险因素。方法收集2001-2015年静宁县人民医院和静宁县妇幼保健院出生监测数据,对资料进行回顾性分析,探索该县出生缺陷的相关危险因素。结果 115年间的出生缺陷发生率平均为47.58/万。2011年起有明显上升趋势,各年份间出生缺陷发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2胎儿性别间出生缺陷发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);孕母年龄别出生缺陷发生率呈中间高,两头低特征,产妇年龄20~组、25~组、30~组出生缺陷所占比例分别为35.33%、34.19%、18.52%;农村的出生缺陷发生率明显高于城市,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。315年间发生率最高的出生缺陷前五位主要病种依次为:神经管畸形,唇裂和腭裂,多指、并指,先天性心脏病,肢体短缺。结论进一步完善出生缺陷监测网络的技术力量和质量控制,加强农村健康教育力度,广泛深入开展产前筛查及诊断工作,重点筛查高危人群,加强孕期“三级预防”措施,提高新生儿疾病筛查质量,推广适宜技术,开展出生缺陷综合防治,减少出生缺陷的发生。
Objective To analyze the incidence of perinatal birth defects in Jingning County, Gansu Province from 2001 to 2015 and explore the related risk factors of birth defects. Methods The data of birth monitoring in Jingning County People’s Hospital and Jingning County Maternal and Child Health Hospital from 2001 to 2015 were collected. The data were retrospectively analyzed to explore the risk factors related to birth defects in this county. Results The average incidence of birth defects in 115 years was 47.58 / million. There has been a clear upward trend since 2011, with no significant difference in the incidence of birth defects between years (P> 0.05). There were significant differences in the incidence of birth defects between fetuses and fetuses (P <0.05). The incidence of birth defects in pregnant women was middle high and low in two with maternal age of 20 to 25, 30 to 30 years old Accounting for 35.33%, 34.19% and 18.52% respectively. The incidence of birth defects in rural areas was significantly higher than that in urban areas (P <0.05). The top five birth defects with the highest incidence in 315 years were as follows: neural tube defects, cleft lip and cleft palate, multiple fingers and fingers, congenital heart disease and limb shortness. Conclusion To further improve the technical strength and quality control of birth defects monitoring network, strengthen rural health education, carry out prenatal screening and diagnosis extensively, focus on the screening of high-risk groups, strengthen the pregnancy “three-level prevention ” measures to improve freshmen Children’s disease screening quality, promote appropriate technology, comprehensive prevention and control of birth defects, to reduce the incidence of birth defects.