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Objective: To investigate the expression of heat shock protein 10 (HSP10) during genesis and development of large bowel carcinoma and discuss the clinical significance about its expression. Methods: The expression of HSP10 was observed in specimens from normal colonic mucosa (NC), colorectal adenomas (CA) and colorectal adenocarcinomas (CAC)by immunohistochemistry EnVisionTM. Its correlations to clinicopathologic features, as well as to postoperative survival time of large bowel carcinoma patients were analyzed. Results: The expression of HSP10 was common in normal colonic mucosa,colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas and more intensive in colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas than that in normal colonic mucosa (P ＜ 0.001). The positive expression of HSP10 had no correlation to clinicopathologic features, including age, gender, primary tumor, infiltrating of regional lymph node, metastasis, clinical stage and histopathology of large bowel carcinoma patients, as well as to their postoperative survival time. Conclusion: HSP10 was overexpressed in the early stage of colorectal adenocarcinoma suggesting that it could serve as an index for early diagnosis of large bowl carcinoma. The positive expression of HSP10 had no correlation to clinicopathologic features or postoperative survival time of large bowel carcinoma patients.