研究日本经济成功之道,人们往往很容易把成就归功于索尼、松下、东芝、丰田这些庞大的集团公司。然而,这些庞大的集团公司仅仅代表着日本工业冰山的山顶、日本成为一个经济超级大国,主要是中、小型公司努力的结果。日本的企业95％都是小公司,其注册资本少于5000万元,雇员不足300人。然而,这些小公司却雇拥了日本工业总劳动力的70％,创造工业总产值的60％;为社会提供工业产品总量的50％。20世纪50年代是日本小公司的全盛时期,那时小公司经营着工业产品总量的60％。60年代下降到48％,以后有轻微的上升,石油危机时期再 To study Japan's economic success, people tend to easily attribute their achievements to such large group companies as Sony, Panasonic, Toshiba and Toyota. However, these huge group companies represent only the summit of Japan's industrial icebergs. Japan has become an economic superpower as a result of the efforts of medium and small-sized companies. 95% of Japanese companies are small companies with less than 50 million yuan of registered capital and less than 300 employees. However, these small companies hired 70% of Japan's total industrial labor force, created 60% of the industrial output value and provided 50% of the total industrial output for the community. The 1950s were the heyday of small Japanese companies, which ran 60% of the industrial output. In the 1960s it dropped to 48%, with a slight rise thereafter, during the oil crisis