论文部分内容阅读
[目的]研究施用缓释肥料对康乃馨产量、经济效益养分利用率和环境污染的影响。[方法]以康乃馨(Dianthus caryophyllus)为研究对象,采用田间小区试验探讨了缓释肥料在康乃馨上的施用效果与环保效应。[结果]施用缓释肥料可改善康乃馨主要的农艺性状;与Conv-F相比,缓释肥处理增加康乃馨产量达8.67%～20.83%,经济效益增加10.55万元/hm2,产投比提高达74.29%;在等NPK比例和等养分量条件下,缓释肥处理增加康乃馨产量达2.11%,经济效益增加1.48万元/hm2,产投比提高达16.2%;施用缓释肥料有效提高了康乃馨当季养分利用率,其中Opt-F-0.7%的氮、磷和钾当季养分利用率较Conv-F处理分别提高了13.88、8.57和30.14个百分点。[结论]缓释肥不但显著减少肥料资源的浪费,提高肥料利用率,而且减少了肥料养分流失造成的污染,对保护生态环境的保护和促进农业的可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the effects of slow-release fertilizer on the yield of carnation, the utilization of economic benefits and the environmental pollution. [Method] With Dianthus caryophyllus as the research object, field application experiment was conducted to study the application effect and environmental effect of slow release fertilizer on carnation. [Result] Compared with Conv-F, the slow-release fertilizer increased the carnation yield by 8.67% ~ 20.83%, the economic benefit increased by 105,500 yuan / hm2 and the input-output ratio increased up to 74.29%. Under the conditions of equal NPK and equal nutrient content, the slow-release fertilizer increased the carnation yield by 2.11%, the economic benefit increased by 14,800 yuan / hm2, the production-input ratio increased by 16.2%, and the slow-release fertilizer increased carnation Nutrient utilization rate of the season, of which Opt-F-0.7% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient utilization than the Conv-F treatment increased by 13.88,8.57 and 30.14 percentage points. [Conclusion] The slow-release fertilizer not only significantly reduced the waste of fertilizer resources, increased the fertilizer utilization rate, but also reduced the pollution caused by the loss of fertilizer and nutrients, which was of great practical significance to protect the ecological environment and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.