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为满足未来数十年内世界能源需求的急剧增长,核能将占更加重要的地位。由于廉价铀资源的限制,必须尽快地投入增殖堆才能实现如此庞大的核能发展计划。然而,评价各种转化堆-增殖堆组合的铀资源节约特性,必须对整个核能系统进行总体分析,即至少考虑该系统内如下三个基本参量的组合:λ_0——系统功率水平增长率,λ_1——由转化堆向增殖堆供料率,及λ_2——增殖堆的增殖率。根据λ_0及λ_2的相对大小,有三种全然不伺的情况。对此三种情况进行了分析,得出了相应的结果。对于按线性律增长的核能系统也进行了类似的分析。为发展核能必须研究采用何种转化堆-增殖堆的组合,才能利用有限的廉价天然铀资源,满足如此高速增长的核能系统的需要。本文所得结果可作为此种分析的初步理论基础。
In order to meet the rapid growth of world energy demand in the coming decades, nuclear energy will occupy a more important position. Owing to the limitation of low-cost uranium resources, it is necessary to put into the breeder reactor as soon as possible to realize such a huge nuclear energy development plan. However, to evaluate the resource-saving characteristics of uranium for various reformer-breeder combinations, an overall analysis of the entire nuclear energy system must be undertaken, taking into account at least three combinations of the following three basic parameters in the system: λ_0 - rate of increase in system power level, λ_1 - Feed rate from reactor to breeder reactor, and λ_2 - Rate of proliferation of breeder reactor. According to the relative size of λ_0 and λ_2, there are three kinds of situations that are totally different. The three cases were analyzed and the corresponding results were obtained. A similar analysis has also been conducted for nuclear energy systems that grow linearly. In order to develop nuclear energy, it is necessary to study what kind of conversion reactor-breeder combination to utilize the limited cheap natural uranium resources to meet the needs of such a rapidly growing nuclear energy system. The results obtained in this paper can be used as a preliminary theoretical basis for such analysis.