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目的 :了解乌鲁木齐地区 (乌市 )维吾尔族 (维族 )、汉族孕妇及新生儿脐血铅现状及相关的影响因素。方法:2 0 0 0年 3～ 9月 ,对我院及乌市妇幼保健院正常产妇 13 8例静脉血及其新生儿脐血进行血铅测定 (汉族 79例 ,维吾尔族 5 9例 )。血铅由上海儿童铅中毒防治中心采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定。并对产妇家庭社会环境等相关因素进行问卷调查。结果:13 8例产妇血铅为 12～ 2 67μg/L ,新生儿脐血铅为 10～ 2 5 2μg/L。维、汉两民族母子血铅均呈高度相关 (r汉 =0 .80 47,r维 =0 .7898,P均 <0 .0 1)。其中维族孕妇及新生儿脐血铅均大于汉族 (母血铅 P <0 .0 1,脐血铅 P <0 .0 5 )。血铅≥ 10 0μg/L的孕妇 5 3例 (3 8.41% ) ,新生儿 48例 (3 4.78% )。影响胎儿铅暴露的因素为孕期被动吸烟、家庭成员接触铅、居室周围有铅污染工厂、居室靠马路、母亲职业、母亲文化程度、孕期补钙、家庭人均收入、母亲上班乘公共汽车时间等。结论 :孕妇及新生儿血铅值有差异 ,且和环境因素有关 ,新生儿铅中毒有一定比例 ,应引起高度重视
Objective: To understand the prevalence and related factors of Umbilical Cord Blood among Uygur (Uighur), Han pregnant women and neonates in Urumqi region (Urumqi). Methods: From March to September 2000, blood lead levels were measured in 138 cases of normal maternal venous blood and neonatal umbilical blood in our hospital and Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital (79 Han patients and 59 Uygur patients). Blood lead was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry in Shanghai Children’s Poisoning Center. And maternal family social environment and other related factors in a questionnaire survey. Results: 13 8 maternal blood lead was 12-2 67 μg / L, and newborn cord blood lead was 10-225 μg / L. There was a high degree of correlation between blood lead level in both mother and child in Victoria and Han nationality (r = 0.80 47, r = 0.7898, P <0.01). The Umbilical cord blood lead of Uighur pregnant women and newborns were higher than that of Han nationality (P <0.01, P <0.05). Fifty-three pregnant women (3. 8.41%) and 48 newborns (3.78%) of pregnant women whose blood lead was ≥10 μg / L. Factors that affect fetal lead exposure are passive smoking during pregnancy, exposure of family members to lead, presence of lead-contaminated factories around the home, home-occupancy, motherhood, mother’s education, calcium during pregnancy, per-capita income of the family, mother’s commute to work by bus and so on. Conclusion: There are differences in blood lead levels between pregnant women and newborns, and environmental factors, neonatal lead poisoning have a certain proportion, should be highly valued